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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Oceanography >Boundary Layer Turbulence over Surface Waves in a Strongly Forced Condition: LES and Observation
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Boundary Layer Turbulence over Surface Waves in a Strongly Forced Condition: LES and Observation

机译：强力条件下表面波上的边界层湍流：LES和观测

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The impact of sea state on air-sea momentum flux (or wind stress) is a poorly understood component of wind-wave interactions, particularly in high wind conditions. The wind stress and mean wind profile over the ocean are influenced by the characteristics of boundary layer turbulence over surface waves, which are strongly modulated by transient airflow separation events; however, the features controlling their occurrence and intensity are not well known. A large-eddy simulation (LES) for wind over a sinusoidal wave train is employed to reproduce laboratory observations of phase-averaged airflow over waves in strongly forced conditions. The LES and observation both use a wave-following coordinate system with a decomposition of wind velocity into mean, wave-coherent, and turbulent fluctuation components. The LES results of the mean wind profile and structure of wave-induced and turbulent stress components agree reasonably well with observations. Both LES and observation show enhanced turbulent stress and mean wind shear at the height of the wave crest, signifying the impact of intermittent airflow separation events. Disparities exist particularly near the crest, suggesting that airflow separation and sheltering are affected by the nonlinearity and unsteadiness of laboratory waves. Our results also suggest that the intensity of airflow separation is most sensitive to wave steepness and the surface roughness parameterization near the crest. These results clarify how the characteristics of finite-amplitude waves can control the airflow dynamics, which may substantially influence the mean wind profile, equivalent surface roughness, and drag coefficient.
机译：海洋状态对空气-海洋动量通量（或风应力）的影响是风-波相互作用的一个鲜为人知的成分，尤其是在强风条件下。海洋上的风应力和平均风廓线受表面波边界层湍流特征的影响，边界层湍流受到瞬态气流分离事件的强烈调节；然而，控制其发生和强度的特征尚不为人所知。正弦波列上风的大涡模拟（LES）用于重现强力条件下波浪上相平均气流的实验室观测结果。 LES和观测都使用波跟随坐标系，将风速分解为均值，波相干和湍流波动分量。 LES的平均风廓线和波浪引起的和湍流应力分量的结构的LES结果与观测值相当吻合。 LES和观测值均显示出波峰高度处的湍流应力增加和平均风切变，表明间歇性气流分离事件的影响。差异尤其存在于波峰附近，这表明气流的分离和遮挡受到实验室波的非线性和不稳定的影响。我们的结果还表明，气流分离的强度对波陡度和波峰附近的表面粗糙度参数化最为敏感。这些结果阐明了有限振幅波的特性如何控制气流动力学，这可能会显着影响平均风廓线，等效表面粗糙度和阻力系数。

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