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Determinants of New Product Development Team Performance: A Meta-analytic Review

机译：新产品开发团队绩效的决定因素：荟萃分析

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摘要

New product development (NPD) has become a critical determinant of firm performance. There is a considerable body of research examining the factors that influence a firm's ability to successfully develop and introduce new products. Vital to this success is the creation and management of NPD teams. While the evidence for the use of NPD teams and the factors that determine their success is accumulating, there is still a lack of clarity on the team-level variables that are most impactful on NPD success. This meta-analytic study examines the effects of NPD team characteristics on three different measures of success: effectiveness (market success), efficiency (meeting budgets and schedules), and speed-to-market, requiring incorporation of a broader set of team variables than previous studies in order to capture more factors explaining NPD outcomes. Unlike a typical empirical study that considered no more than two team variables to predict NPD performance, this study combines research spanning eight team variables including team input variables (team tenure, functional diversity, team ability, and team leadership) and team process variables (internal and external team communication, group cohesiveness, and goal clarity). Results from 38 studies were aggregated to estimate the meta-analytic effect sizes for each of the variables. Using the meta-analytic results, a path analytic model of NPD success was estimated to isolate the unique effects of team characteristics on NPD effectiveness and efficiency. Results indicate that team leadership, team ability, external communication, goal clarity, and group cohesiveness are the critical determinants of NPD team performance. NPD teams with considerable experience and led by a transformational leader are more successful at developing new products. Effective boundary spanning within and outside the organization and a shared understanding of project objectives are paramount to success. Group cohesiveness is also an important predictor of NPD outcomes confirming the importance of esprit de corps within the team. The findings provide product development managers with a blueprint for creating high-performance NPD teams.
机译：新产品开发（NPD）已成为决定公司业绩的关键因素。有大量研究调查了影响公司成功开发和推出新产品的能力的因素。 NPD团队的创建和管理是取得成功的关键。尽管有关NPD团队的使用情况和决定其成功的因素的证据在不断积累，但对于NPD成功最有影响的团队级别变量仍然缺乏明确性。这项荟萃分析研究考察了NPD团队特征对成功的三种不同度量的影响：有效性（市场成功），效率（会议预算和进度表）和上市速度，需要纳入比以下范围更广泛的团队变量以前的研究是为了捕获更多解释NPD结果的因素。与典型的实证研究不同，该实证研究不超过两个团队变量来预测NPD绩效，该研究结合了涵盖八个团队变量的研究，包括团队输入变量（团队任职，职能多元化，团队能力和团队领导力）和团队过程变量（内部）。以及与外部团队的沟通，团队凝聚力和目标明确性）。汇总了38个研究的结果，以评估每个变量的荟萃分析效果大小。使用荟萃分析结果，对NPD成功的路径分析模型进行了估计，以隔离团队特征对NPD有效性和效率的独特影响。结果表明，团队领导能力，团队能力，外部沟通，目标清晰和团队凝聚力是NPD团队绩效的关键因素。具有丰富经验的NPD团队由变革型领导者领导，在开发新产品方面更为成功。有效跨越组织内部和外部以及对项目目标的共识是成功的关键。团队凝聚力也是NPD结局的重要预测指标，证实了团队内团队精神的重要性。调查结果为产品开发经理提供了创建高性能NPD团队的蓝图。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of product innovation management》 |2012年第5期|p.803-820|共18页
  • 作者

    Nagaraj Sivasubramaniam; S. Jay Liebowitz; Con way L. Lackman;

  • 作者单位

    Palumbo-Donahue Schools of Business, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282;

    Palumbo-Donahue Schools of Business, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282;

    Palumbo-Donahue Schools of Business, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282;

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