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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of product innovation management >User Toolkits for Innovation: Consumers Support Each Other
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User Toolkits for Innovation: Consumers Support Each Other

机译：创新用户工具包：消费者相互支持

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User toolkits for innovation were recently proposed as a means to eliminate (costly) exchange of need-related information between users and manufactures in the product development process. The method transfers certain development tasks to users and thereby empowers them to create their own desired product features. This article examines the implications of different levels of opportunities for consumer involvement (OCI) in product development to learn what happens when firms pass design tasks on to consumers. It explores this issue by studying the relation between the employment of user toolkits and the need for firms to support their consumers. An analysis of 78 computer games products and the amount of support given by firms to the consumers of these products suggests that a share of the costs firms save on information acquisition by letting consumers "do it themselves" may eventually reemerge as costs in consumer support. In other words, an increase in opportunities for consumer involvement seems to increase the need for supporting consumers. A promising solution to the problem of support costs is identified, namely, the establishment of consumer—consumer support interaction. A case study of an outlier in terms of firm support to consumers—Westwood Studios—shows that consumers who use toolkits may be willing to support each other. Such interactive problem solving in a firm-established user community is advantageous to the firm, because the process reduces the amount of resources that the firm itself needs to dedicate to the support of consumers using toolkits. Generally, consumer-to-consumer interaction can facilitate problem-solving in the consumer domain, can aid the diffusion of toolkit related knowledge, and potentially can enhance the outcomes produced by the toolkit approach.
机译：最近提出了用于创新的用户工具包，作为在产品开发过程中消除（昂贵）用户和制造商之间需求相关信息交换的一种手段。该方法将某些开发任务转移给用户，从而使他们能够创建自己所需的产品功能。本文研究了消费者参与产品开发过程中不同程度机会的消费者参与（OCI）的含义，以了解企业将设计任务传递给消费者时会发生什么。它通过研究用户工具包的使用与企业支持其消费者的需求之间的关系来探讨这一问题。对78种计算机游戏产品以及公司对这些产品的消费者的支持量的分析表明，通过让消费者“自己动手”，公司节省的信息获取成本中的一部分最终可能会重新体现为消费者支持成本。换句话说，增加消费者参与的机会似乎增加了对支持消费者的需求。确定了一种解决支持成本问题的有前途的解决方案，即建立了消费者与消费者的支持互动关系。关于对消费者的坚定支持的案例研究（Westwood Studios）表明，使用工具包的消费者可能愿意互相支持。在公司建立的用户社区中进行此类交互式问题解决对公司有利，因为该过程减少了公司本身专用于使用工具箱的消费者支持所需的资源量。通常，消费者与消费者之间的互动可以促进消费者领域中的问题解决，可以促进工具箱相关知识的传播，并有可能增强工具箱方法产生的结果。

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