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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Public Policy >Explaining varying lobbying styles across the Atlantic: an empirical test of the cultural and institutional explanations
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Explaining varying lobbying styles across the Atlantic: an empirical test of the cultural and institutional explanations

机译：解释横跨大西洋的各种游说风格：对文化和制度解释的实证检验

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摘要

There is consensus in the literature that policymaking in the United States (US) and Europe generates different lobbying styles. Two explanations for these differences have been developed so far. The first posits that distinct lobbying styles reflect different political cultures. The second attributes distinct lobbying styles to variation in the institutional context in which lobbyists operate. Studies that have analysed lobbying within the US and Europe and assessed the relative importance of these arguments are problematic because both explanations are consistent with observed differences in lobbying style. In this article, we circumvent problems of observational equivalence by focussing on European and American lobbyists who are active in a similar institutional venue - that is, international diplomatic conferences. Relying on evidence collected at World Trade Organization Ministerial Conferences and United Nation Climate Summits, we tested the relevance of alternative explanations for the variation in lobbying styles between European and American lobbyists. Our results give robust support to the institutional argument.
机译：文献中已经达成共识，美国和欧洲的决策产生了不同的游说方式。到目前为止，已经针对这些差异提出了两种解释。第一个假设是，不同的游说风格反映了不同的政治文化。第二点归因于不同的游说方式，这归因于游说者所处的制度背景的变化。分析了美国和欧洲内部游说并评估这些论点的相对重要性的研究是有问题的，因为这两种解释都与观察到的游说风格差异相一致。在本文中，我们将重点放在活跃在类似机构场所（即国际外交会议）上的欧洲和美国游说者，来规避观测对等问题。依靠在世界贸易组织部长级会议和联合国气候峰会上收集的证据，我们测试了其他解释对于欧美游说者之间游说风格变化的相关性。我们的结果为制度论点提供了有力的支持。

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