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The Politics of Blame Avoidance

机译:避免责备的政治

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摘要

Politicians are motivated primarily by the desire to avoid blame for unpopular actions rather than by seeking to claim credit for popular ones. This results from voters' 'negativity bias': their tendency to be more sensitive to real or potential losses than they are to gains. Incentives to avoid blame lead politicians to adopt a distinctive set of political strategies, including agenda limitation, scapegoating, 'passing the buck' and defection ('jumping on the bandwagon') that are different than those they would follow if they were primarily interested in pursuing good policy or maximizing credit-claiming opportunities. These strategies in turn lead to important policy effects, including a surrender of discretion even when it offers important credit-claiming opportunities.
机译:政治家的主要动机是希望避免因不受欢迎的行为而受到指责,而不是寻求为受欢迎的行为声名狼藉。这是由于选民的“负偏见”造成的:他们倾向于对实际或潜在的损失比对收益更为敏感。避免责备的激励措施导致政客采取一套独特的政治策略,包括议程限制,替罪羊,“推卸责任”和背叛(“跳上潮流”),这与他们最初感兴趣的策略不同。奉行良好政策或最大程度地争取信贷机会。这些策略反过来会导致重要的政策影响,包括放弃裁量权,即使它提供了重要的信用主张机会。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Public Policy》 |2011年第3期|p.371-398|共28页
  • 作者

    R. KENT WEAVER;

  • 作者单位

    Governmental Studies, The Brookings Institution;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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