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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of South American earth sciences >Structure of the Cordillera de la Sal: A key tectonic element for the Oligocene-Neogene evolution of the Salar de Atacama basin, Central Andes, northern Chile
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Structure of the Cordillera de la Sal: A key tectonic element for the Oligocene-Neogene evolution of the Salar de Atacama basin, Central Andes, northern Chile

机译：萨勒山脉的结构：智利北部安第斯山脉中阿萨卡马盆地新世-新近纪演化的重要构造要素

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摘要

The Salar de Atacama basin is the main topographic low of the Preandean Depression of the Central Andes of northern Chile. Although numerous studies have been carried out in this area, the origin of the depression is still a matter of debate. The integration of seismic reflection and surface structural data along the basin allows the characterization of Oligocene and Neogene tectonic activity of the Salar de Atacama. A key element to unravel the Neogene to recent history of the basin is found along the Cordillera de la Sal, which comprises more than 3000 m of continental sedimentary succession assigned to the San Pedro Formation. Detailed analysis of the seismic data shows that large depocenters involving distal alluvial facies and evaporitic members of the San Pedro Formation accumulated in close relation with Oligocene extension. Extension was controlled by a first order normal fault located along the western flank of the Atacama basin, which appears as a key structural feature of the internal architecture of the Salar de Atacama. The rise of the Cordillera de la Sal ridge during the Neogene involved compression and sinistral strike slip in its southern domain, in combination with salt diapirism in its north domain. This transition is related to the thickness and distribution of the evaporitic lower members of the San Pedro Formation, which also controls the depth of the detachment level beneath the Cordillera de la Sal. Our results show that the current relief of the Salar de Atacama basin is mainly due to Oligocene extension and subsequent Neogene tectonic inversion.
机译：Salar de Atacama盆地是智利北部中部安第斯山脉前陆and陷的主要地形低点。尽管在这一领域进行了大量研究，但抑郁症的根源仍是一个争论的问题。沿盆地地震反射和地表结构数据的整合，可以描述阿塔卡马盐沼的渐新世和新近纪构造活动。在科尔迪勒拉德拉萨尔河沿岸发现了新近纪到盆地近代史的关键元素，该山脉包括分配给圣佩德罗组的3000多个大陆沉积演替。对地震数据的详细分析表明，与渐新世伸展密切相关的，涉及远端冲积相和圣佩德罗组的蒸发层的大型沉积中心堆积起来。扩张是由位于阿塔卡马盆地西翼的一阶正断层控制的，该断层似乎是阿萨尔马塔尔内部结构的关键结构特征。新近纪期间，萨勒山脊的兴起涉及南部地区的压缩和左旋走滑，以及北部地区的盐成岩作用。这种转变与圣佩德罗组蒸发下层的厚度和分布有关，后者也控制着科迪勒拉－德拉萨尔山脉下方脱离层的深度。我们的研究结果表明，萨拉特阿塔卡马盆地目前的缓解主要是由于渐新世的扩展和随后的新近纪构造反转。

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