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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Southern African Studies >The British Anti-Apartheid Movement and Political Prisoner Campaigns, 1973-1980
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The British Anti-Apartheid Movement and Political Prisoner Campaigns, 1973-1980

机译：1973-1980年的英国反种族隔离运动和政治囚犯运动

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This article analyses selected Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) activities designed to publicise political prisoners and detainees. The political prisoner campaign was one way in which the AAM highlighted the role of the liberation movements fighting apartheid. It illustrates how the AAM not only played a key part in exposing the immorality of apartheid, but also in popularising the liberation movements, and especially the African National Congress (ANC). All AAM activity broadly supported the liberation movements, informed British public opinion on conditions in South Africa, and aimed to change British government policy. However, certain actions focused more specifically on popularising the liberation movements and specific members in these movements. Political prisoner campaigns showed the difficulties faced by specific people caught up in the South African judicial system and the way in which the South African government used trials and jail sentences to weaken the liberation movements. On the one hand, the AAM attempted to highlight the activity of the liberation movements inside South Africa and the violence of the South African regime. On the other hand, it appealed to international concerns about human rights. The AAM aimed to invert the idea that the liberation movements were primarily responsible for violence through focusing on violence by the regime. Of all the campaigns for individual prisoners, that for Nelson Mandela achieved the highest profile. These campaigns were effective in increasing international criticism of apartheid and provided an opportunity for many concerned about human right to take a stand against apartheid.
机译：本文分析了旨在宣传政治犯和被拘留者的反种族隔离运动（AAM）的某些活动。政治俘虏运动是美国解放军强调解放运动与种族隔离斗争的作用的一种方式。它说明了AAM如何不仅在揭露种族隔离的不道德行为方面发挥了关键作用，而且在普及解放运动，特别是非洲人国民大会（ANC）的过程中发挥了关键作用。 AAM的所有活动广泛支持了解放运动，向英国公众通报了南非的情况，并旨在改变英国政府的政策。但是，某些行动更具体地集中于普及解放运动和这些运动中的特定成员。政治囚犯的竞选活动显示了陷入南非司法系统的特定人群所面临的困难，以及南非政府利用审判和监禁来削弱解放运动的方式。一方面，AAM试图强调南非内部解放运动的活动以及南非政权的暴力。另一方面，它呼吁国际社会关注人权。 AAM的目的是通过把重点放在该政权的暴力上，来颠覆解放运动对暴力负有主要责任的观点。在针对个人囚犯的所有竞选活动中，纳尔逊·曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）的竞选活动名列前茅。这些运动有效地增加了国际上对种族隔离的批评，并为许多关注人权的人提供了反对种族隔离的立场的机会。

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