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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Systems and Software >Rapid design exploration of safety-critical distributed automotive applications via virtual integration platforms
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Rapid design exploration of safety-critical distributed automotive applications via virtual integration platforms

机译：通过虚拟集成平台对安全关键型分布式汽车应用进行快速设计探索

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摘要

Modern automotive applications such as Drive-by-Wire are implemented over distributed architectures where electronic control units (ECU's) communicate via broadcast buses. In this paper, we present the concept of virtual integration platform for automotive applications. The platform provides the basis for early analysis and validation of distributed applications, therefore enhancing the current model based development process techniques that are applied to one ECU at a time. The virtual prototype includes both functional and performance (time) models of the application software, scheduling policies, and the bus communication protocols. As a result, since design errors can be found earlier in the design process before the different sub-systems are integrated in the car, savings in both production and development costs can be achieved. The virtual integration platform concept is supported by an integrated IP-based tool environment for authoring, integration, and validation. First, a model of the distributed application is built by composing models of HW and SW components. The models can be either authored or imported from different tools. Functional simulation of the overall distributed control algorithm can be carried out first. Then, the mapping phase can take place: sub-functions of the control algorithm are mapped to architectural resources (CPUs), and zero-time communication links between the sub-functions are mapped to bus protocol delay models. Changing mappings, parameters such as task priorities, and bus schedule enables the exploration of alternative implementations. The validation is carried out by simulating the resulted virtual prototype of the distributed control algorithm running on the ECU network. The design environment shortens design turn-around time by supporting (semi)-automatic configuration of the architecture model (e.g. frame packaging, redundancy level, communication matrix, bus and RTOS scheduling, etc.).
机译：诸如电传驾驶之类的现代汽车应用是通过分布式架构实现的，在分布式架构中，电子控制单元（ECU）通过广播总线进行通信。在本文中，我们提出了用于汽车应用的虚拟集成平台的概念。该平台为分布式应用程序的早期分析和验证提供了基础，从而增强了当前基于模型的开发过程技术，这些技术一次应用于一个ECU。虚拟原型包括应用程序软件的功能和性能（时间）模型，调度策略和总线通信协议。结果，由于可以在将不同的子系统集成到汽车中之前在设计过程中较早地发现设计错误，因此可以节省生产和开发成本。虚拟集成平台概念由用于创作，集成和验证的基于IP的集成工具环境支持。首先，通过组合硬件和软件组件的模型来构建分布式应用程序的模型。可以创作模型，也可以从不同的工具导入模型。首先可以对整个分布式控制算法进行功能仿真。然后，可以进行映射阶段：将控制算法的子功能映射到架构资源（CPU），并将子功能之间的零时通信链接映射到总线协议延迟模型。更改映射，参数（例如任务优先级）和总线时间表可以探索替代实现。通过模拟在ECU网络上运行的分布式控制算法的虚拟样机进行验证。设计环境通过支持架构模型的（半）自动配置（例如帧封装，冗余级别，通信矩阵，总线和RTOS调度等）来缩短设计周转时间。

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