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首页> 外文学位 >A rapid method for identifying and characterizing structural impacts using distributed sensors: An application for automotive pedestrian protection.
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A rapid method for identifying and characterizing structural impacts using distributed sensors: An application for automotive pedestrian protection.

机译：使用分布式传感器识别和表征结构影响的快速方法：汽车行人保护应用。

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This research is motivated by recent activity to improve automotive safety, especially for pedestrians. In many parts of the world today, injuries and fatalities from road accidents are a significant problem. Safety features such as seat restraints and air bags provide considerable levels of protection for car occupants; however, no such protective measures currently exist for pedestrians.; Drawing upon the success and effectiveness of occupant air bag systems, current research aims to develop similar devices for pedestrians. These active pedestrian protection systems deploy a safety feature such as an external air bag when a pedestrian is hit by a vehicle. Contact with the front bumper induces a body rotation that may result in a violent head collision. The deployable safety device provides a cushioning surface for the vulnerable pedestrian during impact. The challenge of such a system is an effective sensory unit that can rapidly and correctly discriminate pedestrian impacts from non-pedestrian ones. The fast kinematics of the automobile-pedestrian impact leaves a minimal amount of time for signal processing and computation. This research study focuses on a discrimination scheme that satisfies both the time and accuracy requirements for a proposed sensory system for pedestrian protection.; A unique methodology was developed to identify structural impacts using dominant frequency features extracted from sensory data. Contact sensors mounted on the front bumper of an automobile measure the strain response from an impact event. The dominant frequencies obtained from these sensor signals are greatly influenced by the impact object's properties and can be used to discriminate between different objects. Extensive tests were conducted to gather sensor data and validate the proposed methodology and impact discrimination algorithm. Results of the impact tests indicate that the approach is sound, and the sensory system effectively identifies "pedestrian" impacts within a short period of time.
机译：这项研究是受最近为改善汽车安全性（尤其是对行人而言）的活动所推动的。在当今世界的许多地区，道路交通事故造成的人员伤亡是一个重大问题。安全装置，例如座椅约束装置和安全气囊，为乘员提供了相当程度的保护；但是，目前还没有针对行人的此类保护措施。利用乘员安全气囊系统的成功和有效性，当前的研究旨在为行人开发类似的设备。当行人被车辆撞到时，这些主动的行人保护系统会部署安全功能，例如外部安全气囊。与前保险杠的接触会引起车身旋转，可能导致剧烈的头部碰撞。可展开的安全装置在碰撞过程中为脆弱的行人提供了缓冲表面。这种系统的挑战是有效的传感单元，它可以快速正确地区分行人碰撞和非行人碰撞。汽车行人碰撞的快速运动学为信号处理和计算留出了最少的时间。这项研究的重点是能够同时满足行人保护感应系统的时间和准确性要求的判别方案。开发了一种独特的方法来使用从感官数据中提取的主导频率特征来识别结构影响。安装在汽车前保险杠上的接触式传感器可测量碰撞事件产生的应变响应。从这些传感器信号获得的主导频率在很大程度上受到撞击对象的属性的影响，可以用来区分不同的对象。进行了广泛的测试以收集传感器数据，并验证了所提出的方法和影响识别算法。冲击测试的结果表明该方法是正确的，并且感觉系统在短时间内有效地识别了“行人”冲击。

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