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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of technology transfer >R&D funding and private R&D: empirical evidence on the impact of the leading-edge cluster competition
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R&D funding and private R&D: empirical evidence on the impact of the leading-edge cluster competition

机译：研发资金和私人研发：前沿集群竞争影响的经验证据

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This paper analyzes the effects of the governmental financing instrument Spitzencluster-Wettbewerb (Leading-Edge Cluster Competition, LECC) on R&D expenditure of firms in Germany. The LECC promotes cooperative research among business firms and research institutions under the umbrella of a common strategy, which is pursued by regional cluster organizations. We measure the effect of LECC funding on private R&D spending as well as the effects of the policy instrument on the composition of R&D (internal vs. external). Our analysis is mainly based on data from the R&D survey for Germany. We combine propensity score matching (to identify statistical twins) with a difference-in-differences estimator in order to measure the causal effects of the LECC. These results are complemented with the findings from expert interviews. Our results show that the LECC significantly increases R&D expenditures in comparison to non-funded firms. On average, we did not find evidence of crowding out. At the same time, we identified a greater leverage effect of the LECC for small and medium-sized firms. A comparison with companies that have been funded in other R&D-programs shows that the LECC leads to a greater increase in R&D expenditure in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The expert interviews in general confirm these results and indicate that there are different patterns at firm level depending on firm size, strategy, and sector. In addition, they reveal that the effect of co-funding rules for R&D expenditure appears to be stronger for SMEs.
机译：本文分析了政府融资工具Spitzencluster-Wettbewerb（前沿集群竞争，LECC）对德国公司R＆D支出的影响。 LECC在区域集群组织追求的共同战略的框架内促进商业公司和研究机构之间的合作研究。我们评估了LECC资金对私人R＆D支出的影响，以及政策工具对R＆D构成的影响（内部与外部）。我们的分析主要基于德国研发调查的数据。为了衡量LECC的因果效应，我们将倾向得分匹配（以识别统计双胞胎）与差中差异估计器相结合。这些结果与专家访谈的结果相辅相成。我们的结果表明，与无资金支持的公司相比，LECC大大增加了研发支出。平均而言，我们没有发现拥挤的迹象。同时，我们发现了LECC对中小型企业的更大杠杆作用。与其他R＆D计划资助的公司的比较表明，LECC导致中小型企业（SME）的R＆D支出增加更多。专家访谈通常会证实这些结果，并表明，根据公司规模，战略和部门，公司级别上存在不同的模式。此外，他们还发现，共同资助规则对研发支出的影响似乎对中小企业更强。

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