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Geographical clustering and the effectiveness of public innovation programs

机译：地理集群和公共创新计划的有效性

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The paper analyses how geographical clustering of beneficiaries might affect the effectiveness of public innovation support programs. The geographical proximity of firms operating in the same industry or field of technology is expected to facilitate innovation through knowledge spillovers and other localization advantages. Public innovation support programs may leverage these advantages by focusing on firms that operate in a cluster. We investigate this link using data from a large German program that co-funds R&D projects of SMEs in key technology areas called 'Innovative SMEs'. We employ three alternative cluster measures which capture industry, technology and knowledge dimensions of clusters. Regardless of the measure, firms located in a geographical cluster are more likely to participate in the program. Firms being part of a knowledge-based cluster significantly increase their chance of receiving public financial support. We find no effects, however, of geographical clustering on the program's effectiveness in terms of input or output additionality.
机译：本文分析了受益人的地理集群如何影响公共创新支持计划的有效性。预计在同一行业或技术领域内运营的公司的地理位置相近，将通过知识溢出和其他本地化优势促进创新。公共创新支持计划可以通过关注集群中的公司来利用这些优势。我们使用来自大型德国计划的数据来调查此链接，该计划由共同资助称为“创新型中小企业”的关键技术领域的中小企业的研发项目。我们采用了三种替代性的集群测度，它们涵盖了集群的行业，技术和知识维度。无论采取何种措施，位于地理集群中的公司都更有可能参与该计划。作为基于知识的集群的一部分的公司大大增加了获得公共财政支持的机会。但是，就投入或产出的额外性而言，我们发现地理集群对计划的有效性没有影响。

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