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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of technology transfer >Sub-national technology policy and commerce: evaluating the impacts of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine
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Sub-national technology policy and commerce: evaluating the impacts of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine

机译：地方技术政策和商业：评估加利福尼亚再生医学研究所的影响

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摘要

In the last 20 years, state governments have funded a large number of science-based economic development programs. Remarkably, there have been few evaluations of either their economic impact or their prospects for economic impact. The 2004 decision by California voters to issue bonds to fund $3 billion of research on human pluripotent stem cells is an ideal case study for introducing an evaluation methodology for the progress by state programs in developing and transferring research results. In the process of evaluating the California stem cell initiative, we make three methodological contributions to the study of the impacts of sub-national science-based economic development programs. First, the following data sources are introduced as indicators of the prospective economic benefits of these programs: changes in targeted federal research funding, patenting, small business investment research grants, venture capital investment, new firm formations, and clinical trials. Second, the use of regional or industrial controls is introduced. In the case study of the California stem cell initiative the regional control is the comparison of the two dominant California stem cell research and firm clusters, San Diego and the San Francisco Bay Area, to the other dominant cluster, Boston. The biotechnology industry, as a whole, is used to control for exogenous shocks such as changes in the overall interest in new life science technologies. Third, because technology transfer is predicated upon commercialization, a value chain perspective can visualize commercialization obstacles. In this study, a stylized human stem cell therapy value chain is compared to the existing biotechnology value chain and the differences suggest areas where human stem cell therapies are likely to face difficulties. The discussion and conclusion evaluates the progress of the California stem cell initiative and suggests that the evaluation methodology developed can improve the evaluation and guidance of science-based economic development programs.
机译：在过去的20年中，各州政府资助了大量基于科学的经济发展计划。值得注意的是，几乎没有对其经济影响或经济影响前景的评估。加利福尼亚州选民于2004年决定发行债券，以资助30亿美元的人类多能干细胞研究，这是一个理想的案例研究，它为国家计划在开发和转让研究结果方面的进展引入了一种评估方法。在评估加州干细胞计划的过程中，我们对基于国家科学的经济发展计划的影响进行了三项方法论研究。首先，引入以下数据源，作为这些计划潜在经济利益的指标：联邦研究资助目标的变更，专利，小型企业投资研究补助金，风险投资，新公司成立和临床试验。其次，介绍了使用区域或工业控制措施。在加利福尼亚干细胞计划的案例研究中，区域控制是两个主要的加利福尼亚干细胞研究和企业集群圣地亚哥和旧金山湾地区与另一个主要集群波士顿的比较。总体而言，生物技术行业用于控制外来冲击，例如对新生命科学技术的整体兴趣的变化。第三，由于技术转让是以商业化为基础的，因此价值链的观点可以可视化商业化的障碍。在这项研究中，将程式化的人类干细胞疗法价值链与现有生物技术价值链进行了比较，差异表明人类干细胞疗法可能面临困难。讨论和结论评估了加州干细胞计划的进展，并建议开发的评估方法可以改善对基于科学的经济发展计划的评估和指导。

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