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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of technology transfer >The impact of formal agricultural education on farm level innovation and management practices
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The impact of formal agricultural education on farm level innovation and management practices

机译：正规农业教育对农场一级创新和管理实践的影响

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Knowledge transfer in agriculture or what is conventionally known as agricultural extension is typically based on two activities: the delivery of education and the provision of advisory services. Formal agricultural education levels have steadily improved over time in Ireland and this growth in the human capital of the agricultural sector is a key aspect of the “smart” agenda set out in National Agricultural Development Strategies. In this paper we focus on the impact of one aspect of agricultural knowledge transfer process by considering the relationship between participation in formal agricultural education, farm level income outcomes and the pathways by which these outcomes are realised via innovation and management practice. In doing so, we contribute to the branch of the wider technology transfer literature concerned with identifying the impact of knowledge transfer activities and also understanding the role of competence building within knowledge transfer processes. Formal agricultural education can impact private returns in terms of improved technical and allocative efficiency. In most Irish agricultural sectors, we find a positive return to agricultural education and in particular a positive relationship in relation to technical efficiency in terms of improved yields. The result is, however, weak in the tillage sector. Evidence of improved allocative efficiency is in general weak, except for the commercial dairy sector. We do, however, find that earlier adopters of innovations or best management practice are more likely to have formal agricultural education. This may be due to reduced risk aversion, higher skills and better decision making. However, as mature technologies and management practices become mainstream across many farmer types, this relationship does not hold.
机译：农业领域的知识转移或通常称为农业推广的知识转移通常基于两项活动：提供教育和提供咨询服务。随着时间的推移，爱尔兰的正规农业教育水平稳步提高，而农业部门人力资本的增长是《国家农业发展战略》中提出的“明智”议程的关键方面。在本文中，我们通过考虑参加正规农业教育，农场一级的收入成果以及通过创新和管理实践实现这些成果的途径之间的关系，着重于农业知识转移过程的一个方面的影响。在此过程中，我们为涉及更广泛的技术转让文献的分支做出了贡献，这些文献涉及确定知识转让活动的影响以及理解能力建设在知识转让过程中的作用。正规的农业教育可以提高技术和分配效率，从而影响私人回报。在大多数爱尔兰农业部门中，我们发现农业教育获得了积极的回报，特别是在提高产量方面，与技术效率之间存在着积极的关系。但是，结果是耕作领域薄弱。除商业乳品业外，分配效率提高的证据总体上很薄弱。但是，我们确实发现，创新或最佳管理实践的较早采用者更可能接受正规的农业教育。这可能是由于减少了风险规避，更高的技能和更好的决策制定。但是，随着成熟的技术和管理实践成为许多农民类型的主流，这种关系不再成立。

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