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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of technology transfer >Disentangling effort and performance: a renewed look at gender differences in commercializing medical school research
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Disentangling effort and performance: a renewed look at gender differences in commercializing medical school research

机译：脱颖而出的努力和表现：重新审视医学院研究的商业化中的性别差异

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Recently, questions about gender gaps in science have extended to academic technology transfer. Using systematic data on US medical school faculty, we capture both behavior and performance, examining the hypothesis that women are less likely than men to commercialize their research findings. We pooled faculty invention data from ten departments in three Academic Health Centers from 1991 to 1998—a period when patenting had become prevalent and other researchers note that a gender gap was pronounced. Rather than focusing on patenting, we capture the first step in the commercialization process, as well as the subsequent successful licensing of faculty inventions to a company. We find no significant gender differences in the likelihood of reporting inventions or successfully commercializing them. We do find differences in the number of inventions reported, however, with women disclosing fewer inventions than their male counterparts. Our results demonstrate that gender effects are highly conditioned by employment context and resources. We attribute differences in our findings with regards to gender to the use of outcome measures that capture both behavior and performance, and the inclusion of a more extensive set of control variables.
机译：最近，有关科学中性别差距的问题已扩展到学术技术转让。使用美国医学院教师的系统数据，我们可以捕获行为和绩效，并检验以下假设：女性比男性更不可能将其研究成果商业化。我们收集了1991年至1998年三个学术卫生中心的十个部门的教职员工发明数据，当时专利申请盛行，而其他研究人员注意到性别差距明显。我们没有将重点放在专利上，而是将其商业化过程的第一步，以及随后将教师发明成功授权给公司的过程。我们发现在报告发明或成功将其商业化的可能性方面，没有明显的性别差异。但是，我们确实发现所报告的发明数量存在差异，女性所披露的发明少于男性。我们的结果表明，性别效应在很大程度上取决于就业环境和资源。我们将性别方面的调查结果差异归因于使用既能反映行为又能表现的结果指标，并包括了更广泛的控制变量。

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