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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >IS DENSER GREENER? AN EVALUATION OF HIGHER DENSITY DEVELOPMENT AS AN URBAN STORMWATER-QUALITY BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE
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IS DENSER GREENER? AN EVALUATION OF HIGHER DENSITY DEVELOPMENT AS AN URBAN STORMWATER-QUALITY BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE

机译：DENSER更绿吗？高密度开发作为城市暴风雨质量最佳管理实践的评价

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摘要

A simple spreadsheet model was used to evaluate potential water quality benefits of high-density development. The question was whether the reduced land consumed by higher density development (vs. standard suburban developments) would offset the worse water quality generated by a greater amount of impervious surface in the smaller area. Total runoff volume and per acre loadings of total phosphorous, total nitrogen, and total suspended solids increased with density as expected, but per capita loadings and runoff decreased markedly with density. For a constant or given population, then, higher density can result in dramatically lower total loadings than more diffuse suburban densities. The model showed that a simple doubling of standard suburban densities [to 8 dwelling units per acre (DUA) from about 3 to 5 DUA] in most cases could do more to reduce contaminant loadings associated with urban growth than many traditional stormwater best management practices (BMPs), and that higher densities such as those associated with transit-oriented development could outperform almost all traditional BMPs, in terms of reduced loadings per a constant population. Because higher density is associated with vibrant urban life, building a better city may be the best BMP to mitigate the water quality damage that will accompany the massive urban growth expected for the next several decades.
机译：一个简单的电子表格模型用于评估高密度开发对水质的潜在好处。问题是，高密度开发（相对于标准郊区开发）所消耗的土地减少是否能抵消较小区域中大量不透水表面所产生的较差水质。总径流量和总磷，总氮，总悬浮固体的每英亩负荷随密度的增加而增加，但人均负荷和径流随密度显着降低。那么，对于恒定的人口或给定的人口，较高的密度可以比分散的郊区密度显着降低总负荷。该模型显示，与许多传统的雨水最佳管理方法相比，在大多数情况下，将标准郊区密度简单增加一倍（从每英亩3个DUA增至8个居住单位（DUA）至5个DUA），可以大大减少与城市发展相关的污染物负荷（ BMPs），就减少每恒定人口的负担而言，更高的密度（例如与面向公交的发展相关的密度）可以胜过几乎所有传统的BMP。由于较高的密度与充满活力的城市生活相关，因此，建设一个更好的城市可能是减轻水质损害的最佳BMP，而水质损害将伴随着未来几十年大规模的城市发展。

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