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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >ECOSYSTEM CONSEQUENCES OF CONTRASTING FLOW REGIMES IN AN URBAN EFFECTS STREAM MESOCOSM STUDY
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ECOSYSTEM CONSEQUENCES OF CONTRASTING FLOW REGIMES IN AN URBAN EFFECTS STREAM MESOCOSM STUDY

机译：城市效应流介观研究中不同流域的生态系统后果

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A stream mesocosm experiment was conducted to study the ecosystem-wide effects of two replicated flow hydrograph treatments programmed in an attempt to compare a simulated predevelopment condition to the theoretical changes that new development brings, while accounting for engineering design criteria for urban stormwater management. Accordingly, the treatments (three replicates each) differed in base flow between events and in the rise to, fall from, and duration of peak flow during simulated storm hydrographs, which were triggered by real rain events occurring outside over a 96-day period from summer to fall, 2005. Incident irradiance, initial substrate quality, and water quality were similar between treatments. Sampling was designed to study the interactions among the treatment flow dynamics, sediment transport processes, streambed nutrients, and biotic structure and function. What appeared most important to the overall structure and function of the mesocosm ecosystems beyond those changes resulting from natural seasonality were (1) the initial mass of fines that infiltrated into the gravel bed, which had a persistent effect on nitrogen biogeochemistry and (2) the subsequent fine sediment accumulation rate, which was unexpectedly similar between treatments, and affected the structure of the macroinvertebrate community equally as the experiment progressed. Invertebrate taxa preferring soft beds dominated when the gravel was comprised of 5-10% fines. The dominant invertebrate algal grazer had vacated the channels when fines exceeded 15%, but this effect could not be separated from what appeared to be a seasonal decline in insect densities over the course of the study. Neither hydrograph treatment allowed for scour or other potential for flushing of fines. This demonstrated the potential importance of interactions between hydrology and fine sediment loading dynamics on stream ecosystems in the absence of flows that would act to mobilize gravel beds.
机译：进行了流中观实验，研究了两种重复的流量水线法处理方案对整个生态系统的影响，以比较模拟的预开发条件与新开发带来的理论变化，同时考虑到城市雨水管理的工程设计标准。因此，处理（每次三个重复）的不同之处在于事件之间的基本流量以及模拟风暴水位图中峰值流量的上升，下降和持续时间，这是由自96天以来在外部发生的实际降雨事件触发的2005年夏季至秋季。处理之间的入射辐照度，初始底物质量和水质相似。采样旨在研究处理流动力学，沉积物迁移过程，流化养分以及生物结构和功能之间的相互作用。除了自然季节造成的变化之外，对于中观生态系统的整体结构和功能而言，最重要的因素是：（1）渗透到砾石层中的初始细粉，这些细粉对氮的生物地球化学产生持续影响，（2）随后的细沙沉积速率，这在处理之间出乎意料的相似，并且随着实验的进行对大无脊椎动物群落的结构产生了同等的影响。当砾石由5-10％的罚款组成时，偏爱软床的无脊椎动物类群占主导。当细粉含量超过15％时，主要的无脊椎动物藻类放牧者腾出了渠道，但这种影响与研究过程中昆虫密度的季节性下降无法分离。水位计处理均不得冲刷或冲刷其他可能的罚款。这证明了在缺乏能动员砾石床的水流的情况下，水文与河流生态系统中细沙沉积物动力学之间相互作用的潜在重要性。

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