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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Water Resources Association >POINT-NONPOINT SOURCE WATER QUALITY TRADING: A CASE STUDY IN THE MINNESOTA RIVER BASIN
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POINT-NONPOINT SOURCE WATER QUALITY TRADING: A CASE STUDY IN THE MINNESOTA RIVER BASIN

机译：非点源水质交易：以明尼苏达州河流域为例

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摘要

Contrary to the general trend of only a few actual trades occurring within point-nonpoint source water quality trading programs in the United States, two trading projects in the Minnesota River Basin, created under the provisions of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits, have generated five major trades and numerous smaller ones. In this paper, these two projects are described to illustrate their origins, implementation, and results. It was found that several factors contributed to the relatively high number of trades in these projects, including the offsetting nature of the projects (hence a fixed number of credits that the point sources were required to obtain), readily available information on potential nonpoint source trading partners, and an effectively internal trading scheme used by one of the two projects. It was also found that long term structural pollution control measures, such as streambank stabilization, offered substantial cost savings over point source controls. Estimates of transaction costs showed that the total costs of the trading projects were increased by at least 35 percent after transaction costs were taken into account. Evidence also showed that in addition to pollution reduction, these two trading projects brought other benefits to the watershed, such as helping balance environmental protection and regional economic growth.
机译：与美国非点源水质交易计划中发生的少数实际交易的总体趋势相反，明尼苏达州流域的两个交易项目是根据国家污染物排放消除系统（NPDES）许可创建的，已经产生了五个主要行业和许多较小的行业。在本文中，将对这两个项目进行说明，以说明其起源，实施和结果。发现有几个因素导致这些项目中的交易数量相对较高，包括项目的抵消性质（因此需要点源获得一定数量的信用），关于潜在的非点源交易的现成信息。合作伙伴，以及两个项目之一使用的有效内部交易方案。还发现，长期的结构性污染控制措施（如河岸稳定）与点源控制相比可节省大量成本。交易成本的估算表明，考虑到交易成本后，交易项目的总成本至少增加了35％。证据还表明，除了减少污染外，这两个贸易项目还为流域带来了其他好处，例如有助于平衡环境保护与区域经济增长。

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