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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Transport Geography >The relationship between formal and informal institutions for governance of public transport
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The relationship between formal and informal institutions for governance of public transport

机译：正式和非正式公共交通管理机构之间的关系

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摘要

The purpose of this paper is to understand the relationship between the formal (governance established in law) and informal institutions (governance not established in law) that underpin the planning, operation and improvement of local and regional public transport, by using case studies of four countries: Britain (more specifically England, outside London); the Netherlands; Germany; and Sweden. The paper uses a framework drawn from the literature on institutional change to analyse the interplay between the formal governance structures and the other actors and organisations that have an influence on public transport, the formal and informal relationships between them, and how informal institutions emerge to increase the effectiveness with which public transport is delivered.
机译：本文的目的是通过四个案例研究来理解支撑地方和区域公共交通的规划，运营和改善的正式机构（依法设立的政府）和非正式机构（依法设立的政府）之间的关系。国家：英国（更具体地讲，英国，伦敦以外）；荷兰人;德国;和瑞典。本文使用从有关制度变迁的文献中得出的框架来分析正式治理结构与影响公共交通的其他行为者和组织之间的相互作用，它们之间的正式和非正式关系以及非正式制度如何增加公共交通的有效性。

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