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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Urban Economics >Home safety, accessibility, and elderly health: Evidence from falls
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Home safety, accessibility, and elderly health: Evidence from falls

机译：居家安全，交通便利和老年人健康：跌倒的证据

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This article presents estimates of the impact of home safety and accessibility features on the prevention of serious, non-fatal falls for elderly widowed individuals. As these features are not randomly assigned across homes, we develop an instrumental variable (IV) strategy that relies on the differential decline in the health and functional status of spouses to identify impacts. Specifically, we use the deceased spouse's functional status when alive, as measured by limits to Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), as an IV for the presence of home safety and accessibility features for the surviving spouse in the years after widowhood, and then estimate the effect of these features on the likelihood of a serious fall for the widow using rich longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study. The presence of such features reduces the likelihood of a fall requiring medical treatment by 20 percentage points, a substantial effect. However, falls are not the type of health shock that is a main driver of housing tenure transitions among the elderly. Although somewhat speculative, cost-benefit estimates suggest that investments in home safety for the elderly may generate in the short run as much as a dollar-for-dollar reduction in medical expenditures. (c) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：本文介绍了居家安全和可达性功能对预防丧偶老人的严重非致命跌倒的影响的估计。由于这些功能不是在家庭中随机分配的，因此我们开发了一种工具变量（IV）策略，该策略依赖于配偶的健康状况和功能状况的差异下降来确定影响。具体来说，我们将死者的配偶活着时的功能状态（通过日常生活活动（ADL）的限制来衡量）用作遗w后几年中尚存配偶存在居家安全和可及性功能的IV，然后进行估算使用来自健康与退休研究的丰富纵向数据，这些特征对寡妇严重倒下的可能性的影响。这样的特征的存在将需要医疗的跌倒可能性降低了20个百分点，这是一个很大的效果。但是，跌倒不是健康冲击的类型，它是老年人住房权过渡的主要驱动力。尽管有些投机，但成本效益估算表明，在短期内，老年人的居家安全投资可能会产生与医疗费用一美元一美元的减少相当的数额。 （c）2015 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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