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Multi-factor cheating prevention in visual secret sharing by hybrid codebooks

机译:混合密码本在视觉秘密共享中的多因素欺诈预防

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摘要

Visual secret sharing, or the so-called visual cryptography, is a well-known scheme that encrypts a secret image into several meaningless share images, usually printed on transparencies, and decrypts as stacking some or all share images by the human visual system. More and more researches about visual secret sharing and its applications have been recently proposed. Unfortunately, the cheating attack in which malicious participants cheat the honest one(s) by forging a fake share image has existed. Since 2006, some cheating prevention schemes have been proposed but suffered from one or more disadvantages as follows: (1) maintaining extra share images used to verify the integrity of a share image prior to stacking, (2) introducing extra pixel expansion, (3) raising heavy computation cost, and (4) giving ambiguous cheating detection. In this paper, a multi-factor cheating-preventing scheme, aiming at exploiting the hybrid codebook to hide the additional verification images into the share images, has been proposed without suffering the above-mentioned deficiencies. Two-factor cheating-detection exploits the design of verification to both share images and stacked results to deter attackers' cheating. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed scheme is feasible.
机译:视觉秘密共享,即所谓的视觉密码术,是一种众所周知的方案,它将秘密图像加密为通常打印在透明胶片上的几个无意义的共享图像,并通过人类视觉系统将某些或所有共享图像堆叠起来进行解密。最近已经提出了关于视觉秘密共享及其应用的越来越多的研究。不幸的是,存在一种欺诈攻击,其中恶意参与者通过伪造伪造的共享映像欺骗诚实的参与者。自2006年以来,已经提出了一些防止欺诈的方案,但存在以下一个或多个缺点:(1)保留额外的共享图像以在堆叠之前验证共享图像的完整性;(2)引入额外的像素扩展;(3 ),增加了沉重的计算成本;(4)进行了模糊的作弊检测。在本文中,提出了一种多因素防止欺诈方案,旨在利用混合码本将附加的验证图像隐藏到共享图像中,而不会遇到上述缺陷。两因素作弊检测利用验证设计来共享图像和堆叠结果,以阻止攻击者作弊。实验结果表明该方案是可行的。

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