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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research2012V243-244NOCT,15 >Three-dimensional geophysical mapping of shallow water saturated altered rocks at Mount Baker, Washington: Implications for slope stability
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Three-dimensional geophysical mapping of shallow water saturated altered rocks at Mount Baker, Washington: Implications for slope stability

机译：华盛顿贝克山浅水饱和蚀变岩石的三维地球物理测绘：对边坡稳定性的影响

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Water-saturated hydrothermal alteration reduces the strength of volcanic edifices, increasing the potential for catastrophic sector collapses that can lead to far traveled and destructive debris flows. Intense hydrothermal alteration significantly lowers the resistivity and magnetization of volcanic rock and therefore hydrothermally altered rocks can be identified with helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic measurements. Geophysical models constrained by rock properties and geologic mapping show that intensely altered rock is restricted to two small (500 m diameter), 150 m thick regions around Sherman Crater and Dorr Fumarole Field at Mount Baker, Washington. This distribution of alteration contrasts with much thicker and widespread alteration encompassing the summits of Mounts Adams and Rainier prior to the 5600 year old Osceola collapse, which is most likely due to extreme erosion and the limited duration of summit magmatism at Mount Baker. In addition, the models suggest that the upper-300 m of rock contains water which could help to lubricate potential debris flows. Slope stability modeling incorporating the geophysically modeled distribution of alteration and water indicates that the most likely and largest (-0.1 km(3)) collapses are from the east side of Sherman Crater. Alteration at Dorr Fumarole Field raises the collapse hazard there, but not significantly because of its lower slope angles. Geochemistry and analogs from other volcanoes suggest a model for the edifice hydrothermal system. Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：含水饱和的热液蚀变降低了火山建筑物的强度，增加了灾难性部门倒塌的可能性，这可能导致远距离传播和破坏性的泥石流。强烈的热液蚀变会大大降低火山岩的电阻率和磁化强度，因此可以通过直升机的电磁和磁测量来识别热液蚀变的岩石。受岩石特性和地质测绘约束的地球物理模型表明，剧烈变化的岩石被限制在华盛顿山贝克山的谢尔曼火山口和多尔·富马雷尔油田周围的两个小区域（直径500 m），厚度大于150 m。这种变化的分布与5600岁的Osceola坍塌之前亚当斯山和雷尼尔山的山顶所涵盖的更厚更广泛的变化形成对比，这很可能是由于极端侵蚀和贝克山顶岩浆活动持续时间有限所致。此外，模型还表明，300 m以上的岩石中含有水，这可能有助于润滑潜在的碎屑流。结合变化和水的地球物理模型分布的边坡稳定性模型表明，最可能和最大的崩塌（-0.1 km（3））来自谢尔曼火山口的东侧。 Dorr Fumarole油田的改建增加了那里的倒塌危险，但由于其较低的倾斜角而并未显着增加。地球化学和来自其他火山的类似物提出了大厦热液系统的模型。由Elsevier B.V.发布

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