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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >The effect of Etna volcanic ash clouds on the Maltese Islands
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The effect of Etna volcanic ash clouds on the Maltese Islands

机译：埃特纳火山火山灰云对马耳他群岛的影响

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In this paper, we have studied in depth the effect of Etna volcanic ash clouds on the Maltese Islands. Research was carried out to gather information about Etna's eruptions that impacted the Maltese Islands, starting with historical eruptions dating back to the 14th century continuing to present day. A statistical approach was utilized to provide tephra deposit load and ash concentration using PUFF - a model which simulates the transport, dispersion and sedimentation of volcanic ash. Three different eruptive scenarios that characterize Etna's recent activity were considered; the first scenario representing the 2001 eruption (Sc1), the second scenario representing the July 1998 eruption (5c2) whilst the third scenario represents the recent activity in 2011-2012 (Sc3). We found that the time taken for the volcanic ash cloud to reach the Maltese Islands, when the wind direction is toward the south-west ranges from 4 to 6 h. The probability that an Etna volcanic cloud reaches Malta during an eruption is about 15% per annum. The now calibrated model may be now used to produce deposit load and cumulative columnar load (i.e. summation from maximum height of volcanic cloud to ground) of volcanic ash in atmosphere for the Maltese area and help the aviation authorities and Malta airport to make decisions during Etna eruptions. This will be of direct use to local communities and aviation.
机译：在本文中，我们深入研究了埃特纳火山火山灰云对马耳他群岛的影响。进行了研究以收集有关影响马耳他群岛的埃特纳火山喷发的信息，其始于可追溯至14世纪的历史性喷发至今。利用一种统计方法，使用PUFF提供提法拉沉积物负荷和灰分浓度，PUFF是一个模型，用于模拟火山灰的运输，分散和沉降。考虑了三种表征埃特纳火山最近活动的喷发情况；第一种情况代表2001年的喷发（Sc1），第二种情况代表1998年7月的喷发（5c2），而第三种情况代表2011-2012年的近期活动（Sc3）。我们发现，当风向朝西南方向移动时，火山灰云到达马耳他群岛所花费的时间为4至6小时。火山喷发期间，埃特纳火山火山云到达马耳他的概率约为每年15％。现在可以使用现在已校准的模型来生成马耳他地区大气中火山灰的沉积载荷和累积柱状载荷（即，从火山云的最大高度到地面的总和），并帮助航空当局和马耳他机场在Etna期间做出决定爆发。这将直接用于当地社区和航空。

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