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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Morphometry of scoria cones, and their relation to geodynamic setting:A DEM-based analysis
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Morphometry of scoria cones, and their relation to geodynamic setting:A DEM-based analysis

机译：锥锥体的形态及其与地球动力学环境的关系：基于DEM的分析

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摘要

The morphometry of a great number of scoria cones, belonging to volcanic fields of various geodynamic settings, has been measured and analyzed, addressing the question whether there is a relation between the prevalent cone shape in a given field and the geodynamic setting of the field itself. Morphometric analysis was carried out on freely downloadable digital elevation models (DEMs). The accuracy of the used DEMs and the associated error in scoria cone morphometry were determined by cross-comparing high-resolution LIDAR-derived DEMs, USGS NED, TINITALY DEM and ASTER GDEM. The 10-m TINITALY/01 and USGS NED DEMs are proven to be suitable for scoria cone morphometry, whereas ASTER GDEM can be used reliably for cones with volume greater than 30 × 10~6 m~3. According to a detailed morphometry of all scoria cones, we propose that the cones related to subductional setting show relatively higher values of H_(co)/W_(co) and lower values of W_(cr)/W_(co) than the cones related to extensional setting. The detected differences can be imput-able to peculiar eruption dynamics resulting in slight but systematic changes in shape, and differences in lith-ological and sedimentological characteristics that govern post-eruptive erosion. To constrain the pathway of scoria cone erosion, the detected morphometric changes were also interpreted using a simple linear degradation model. Utilizing the obtained simulation results, the inferred initial cone base, and the age of scoria cones, we calculated a diffusion coefficient (K) for several dated cones, which are related to the prevalent climate. Our results, despite the high error associated, allow to assess the median K for all volcanic fields. Due to the complexity of the factors behind, it is not easy to understand if the prevalent shape characterizing a certain volcanic field is due mainly to sin-eruptive or post-eruptive mechanisms; however, our distinction between the two main geodynamic settings may be the first step to decipher these factors.
机译：已经测量和分析了属于各种地球动力学设置的火山场的大量鳞状圆锥体的形态，以解决给定场中普遍的圆锥形状与该场本身的地球动力学设置之间是否存在关系的问题。形态分析是在可免费下载的数字高程模型（DEM）上进行的。通过交叉比较高分辨率LIDAR衍生的DEM，USGS NED，TINITALY DEM和ASTER GDEM，可以确定所用DEM的准确性以及相关的锥骨形态测量误差。事实证明，10 m的TINITALY / 01和USGS NED DEM适用于锥度圆锥形测量，而ASTER GDEM可以可靠地用于体积大于30×10〜6 m〜3的锥形。根据所有炉渣锥的详细形态，我们建议与俯冲设置相关的锥比相关锥显示相对较高的H_（co）/ W_（co）值和较低的W_（cr）/ W_（co）值扩展设置。检测到的差异可能归因于特殊的喷发动力学，从而导致形状发生轻微但系统的变化，并控制喷发后侵蚀的岩性和沉积学特征差异。为了限制炉渣锥腐蚀的途径，还使用简单的线性降解模型解释了检测到的形态变化。利用获得的模拟结果，推断的初始锥底和岩渣锥的年龄，我们计算了几个与流行气候相关的过时锥的扩散系数（K）。尽管误差很大，但我们的结果仍允许评估所有火山场的中值K。由于背后因素的复杂性，难以理解表征某个火山场的普遍形状主要是由于正喷发或喷发后的机制所致；但是，我们在两个主要地球动力学设置之间的区别可能是破译这些因素的第一步。

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