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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research >Sediment-charged flash floods on Montserrat: The influence of synchronous tephra fall and varying extent of vegetation damage
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Sediment-charged flash floods on Montserrat: The influence of synchronous tephra fall and varying extent of vegetation damage

机译：蒙特塞拉特的含沙暴洪：同步的特菲拉陨落和不同程度的植被破坏的影响

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摘要

On 20th May 2006 the Soufriere Hills Volcano on the Caribbean island of Montserrat experienced a large dome collapse and intense rainfall generated flash floods. The floods had very high loads of volcanic debris derived both from this and previous eruptions and can thus be classified as lahars. The floods reached unusually high water levels and caused substantial geomorphic change in the Belham Valley. Detailed rainfall and geomorphological data, coupled with the precise timing of events and yewitness accounts have facilitated an assessment of the relative importance of rainfall volume and intensity, older volcanic debris, pre- and syn-flood tephra fall and the extent of pre-flood vegetation damage for the behavior of this and subsequent sediment-laden floods in this setting. The change in runoff behavior was controlled by preexisting vegetation damage and synchronous tephra fall and this was critically important in controlling the impact of these flash floods. Although rainfall intensity and volume have some control on flood occurrence they are not the critical control on flash flood impact on the geomorphology in the Belham Valley. A significant conclusion of this study is that the extreme nature of the flash floods was not caused by extreme rainfall (as is commonly believed to be the primary cause of flash floods) but rather it was the result of changed runoff behaviour caused by the widespread syn-flood tephra deposition and importantly the widespread vegetation damage by volcanic-associated acid rain in the preceding weeks.
机译：2006年5月20日，加勒比海蒙特塞拉特岛上的Soufriere Hills火山经历了一次大的穹顶坍塌，强烈的降雨引发了山洪暴发。这次洪水和以前的火山爆发都充斥着很高的火山碎屑量，因此可归为拉哈尔。洪水达到了异常高的水位，并导致了贝勒姆山谷的重大地貌变化。详细的降雨和地貌数据，加上事件和目击者的准确时间安排，有助于评估降雨量和强度，较旧的火山碎屑，特弗拉前和同洪弗弗拉下降以及预洪植被的程度的相对重要性。在这种情况下会破坏这种洪水以及随后充满泥沙的洪水的行为。径流行为的变化是由预先存在的植被破坏和同步的特非拉瀑布控制的，这对于控制这些山洪的影响至关重要。尽管降雨强度和雨量对洪水的发生有一定的控制作用，但它们并不是暴雨对贝勒姆河谷地貌影响的关键控制措施。这项研究的一个重要结论是，山洪的极端性质不是由极端降雨引起的（通常认为是山洪的主要原因），而是由广泛的降雨造成的径流行为改变的结果。 -前河床中的潮红沉积，重要的是火山相关酸雨对植被的广泛破坏。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》 |2010年第4期|P.127-138|共12页
  • 作者

    Jan Alexander; Jenni Barclay; Janez Susnik; Sue C. Loughlin; Richard A. Herd; Amii Darnell; Sian Crosweller;

  • 作者单位

    School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ England, UK;

    rnSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ England, UK;

    rnSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ England, UK;

    rnThe British Geological Survey, Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA Scotland, UK;

    rnSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ England, UK;

    rnSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ England, UK;

    rnSchool of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ England, UK;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    flash floods; lahars; Montserrat; tephra fall; sediment load;

    机译：洪水泛滥;拉哈斯蒙特塞拉特特非拉瀑布泥沙量;

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