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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of water and health >Quantitative microbial risk assessment to estimate health risks attributable to water supply: can the technique be applied in developing countries with limited data?
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Quantitative microbial risk assessment to estimate health risks attributable to water supply: can the technique be applied in developing countries with limited data?

机译：定量微生物风险评估以估计可归因于供水的健康风险：该技术能否在数据有限的发展中国家应用？

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摘要

In the 3rd edition of its Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality (2004) (GDWQ) the World Health Organization (WHO) promotes the use of risk assessment coupled with risk management for the control of water safety in drinking water supplies. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) provides a tool for estimating the disease-burden from pathogenic microorganisms in water using information about the distribution and occurrence of the pathogen or an appropriate surrogate. This information may then be used to inform decisions about appropriate management of the water supply system. Although qmra has been used to estimate disease burden from water supplies in developed countries, the method has not been evaluated in developing countries where relevant data may be scarce. In this paper, we describe a simplified risk assessment procedure to calculate the disease burden from three reference pathogens - pathogenic Escherichia coli, Cryptosporidium parvum and rotavirus - in water supplies in Kampala, Uganda. The study shows how QMRA can be used in countries with limited data, and that the outcome can provide valuable information for the management of water supplies.
机译：在其《饮用水水质准则》（2004）（GDWQ）的第三版中，世界卫生组织（WHO）提倡使用风险评估和风险管理来控制饮用水的水安全。定量微生物风险评估（QMRA）提供了一种工具，可使用有关病原体分布和发生的信息或适当的替代物来估算水中病原微生物的负担。然后，该信息可用于通知有关供水系统适当管理的决策。尽管在发达国家已经使用qmra来估计供水造成的疾病负担，但是在可能缺乏相关数据的发展中国家中尚未对该方法进行评估。在本文中，我们描述了一种简化的风险评估程序，可以从乌干达坎帕拉的供水中的三种参考病原体（致病性大肠杆菌，小隐孢子虫和轮状病毒）计算疾病负担。研究表明，QMRA可以在数据有限的国家中使用，其结果可以为供水管理提供有价值的信息。

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