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首页> 外文期刊>Justice Quarterly >Secondary Exposure to Violence During Childhood and Adolescence: Does Neighborhood Context Matter?
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Secondary Exposure to Violence During Childhood and Adolescence: Does Neighborhood Context Matter?

机译：在儿童和青少年时期遭受暴力的二次暴露：邻里背景是否重要？

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摘要

Using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), neighborhood and individual-level predictors of secondary exposure to violence were assessed. Secondary exposure to violence is defined as witnessing and/or hearing violent acts, as opposed to being a victim of violence directly. A substantial amount of between neighborhood variance was accounted for by individual-level variables including gender, race/ethnicity, age, low self-control, and prior delinquent involvement. At the neighborhood level, concentrated disadvantage and immigrant concentration were both related to exposure to secondary violence. Specifically, children and adolescents living in more disadvantaged contexts witness and hear violence at higher rates than those living in less disadvantaged contexts. Also, those living in areas with a higher concentration of immigrants are exposed to secondary violence at higher rates than those living in areas with a lower concentration of immigrants. Finally, youth services within neighborhoods served as a protective factor against exposure. Results suggest a need to target multiple neighborhood and individual correlates simultaneously to reduce secondary violence exposure among children and adolescents. Directions for future research are discussed.
机译：使用来自芝加哥邻里人类发展项目（PHDCN）的数据，评估了邻里和个人层面的二次遭受暴力暴露的预测因素。二次遭受暴力定义为目击和/或聆听暴力行为，而不是直接成为暴力行为的受害者。个体之间的差异是造成邻里差异的重要原因，其中包括性别，种族/民族，年龄，自我控制能力低和以前的不良参与。在社区一级，集中的不利条件和移民的集中都与遭受二次暴力有关。具体而言，与处境不利者相比，处境更为不利的儿童和青少年见证和听到暴力的比率更高。此外，与那些居住在移民集中地区的人相比，那些居住在移民集中地区的人遭受的二级暴力事件发生率更高。最后，社区内的青年服务是防止接触的保护因素。结果表明，需要同时针对多个邻居和个人关联，以减少儿童和青少年遭受二次暴力的机会。讨论了未来研究的方向。

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