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Big data visualisation, geographic information systems and decision making in healthcare management

机译：大数据可视化，地理信息系统和医疗保健管理决策

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Purpose The World Health Organisation estimates that 92 per cent of the world's population does not have access to clean air. The World Bank in 2013 estimated that only air pollution (AP) was responsible for a $225bn cost in lost productivity. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the current scholarly debate on the value of Big Data for effective healthcare management. Its focus on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in developing countries, a major cause of disability and premature death and a subject of increasing research in recent years, makes this research particularly valuable. Design/methodology/approach In order to assess the effects of AP on CVD in developing countries, the city of Bangalore was selected as a case study. Bangalore is one of the fastest growing economies in India, representative of the rapidly growing cities in the developing world. Demographic, AP and CVD data sets covering more than 1m historic records were obtained from governmental organisations. The spatial analysis of such data sets allowed visualisation of the correlation between the demographics of the city, the levels of pollution and deaths caused by CVDs, thus informing decision making in several sectors and at different levels. Findings Although there is increasing concern in councils and other responsible governmental agencies, resources required to monitor and address the challenges of pollution are limited due to the high costs involved. This research shows that with developments in the domains of Big Data, Internet of Things and smart cities, opportunities to monitor pollution result in high volumes of data. Existing technologies for data analytics can empower decision makers and even the public with knowledge on pollution. This paper has demonstrated a methodological approach for the collection and visual representation of Big Data sets allowing for an understanding of the spread of CVDs across the city of Bangalore, enabling different stakeholders to query the data sets and reveal specific statistics of key hotspots where action is required. Originality/value This research has been conducted to demonstrate the value of Big Data in generating a strategic knowledge-driven decision-support system to provide focused and targeted interventions for environmental health management. This case study research is based on the use of a geographic information system for the visualisation of a Big Data set collected from Bangalore, a region in India seriously affected by pollution.
机译：目的世界卫生组织估计，全世界92％的人口无法获得清洁空气。世界银行在2013年估计，仅空气污染（AP）造成了2250亿美元的生产力损失。本文的目的是为当前关于大数据对有效医疗保健管理的价值的学术辩论做出贡献。它的重点是发展中国家的心血管疾病（CVD），这是造成残疾和过早死亡的主要原因，并且是近年来研究日益增多的主题，这使这项研究特别有价值。设计/方法/方法为了评估AP对发展中国家CVD的影响，选择了班加罗尔市作为案例研究。班加罗尔是印度增长最快的经济体之一，代表了发展中国家快速增长的城市。从政府组织获得的人口，AP和CVD数据集涵盖了超过100万个历史记录。通过对这些数据集进行空间分析，可以直观地了解城市人口统计数据，CVD造成的污染和死亡水平之间的相关性，从而为多个部门和不同级别的决策提供依据。调查结果尽管理事会和其他负责任的政府机构越来越担心，但是由于涉及的高昂成本，用于监视和应对污染挑战所需的资源有限。这项研究表明，随着大数据，物联网和智慧城市领域的发展，监测污染的机会导致了大量数据的产生。现有的数据分析技术可以使决策者甚至公众都拥有有关污染的知识。本文展示了一种用于大数据集的收集和视觉表示的方法学方法，可以了解CVD在整个班加罗尔市的分布，使不同的利益相关者能够查询数据集并揭示行动重点所在的特定热点的具体统计数据。需要。原创性/价值这项研究旨在证明大数据在生成战略性知识驱动的决策支持系统中的价值，该系统为环境健康管理提供有针对性的针对性干预措施。本案例研究基于使用地理信息系统对从印度班加罗尔收集的大数据集进行可视化的研究。班加罗尔是印度一个受到污染严重影响的地区。

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