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Stable isotope analyses of manatee bones measure historical nitrogen pollution in Florida waters, 1975-2010

机译：海藻骨骼的稳定同位素分析可测量1975-2010年佛罗里达水域的历史氮污染

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摘要

Nutrient pollution is a key driver of ecological change in coastal marine environments. Over the last 150 years, the dominant source of nitrogen in coastal waters has shifted from sewage to synthetic fertilizer in many regions including the Caribbean. Here, we use stable nitrogen isotope analyses of bones from manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) from along the coast of Florida, USA, to determine whether they record changes in coastal nitrogen pools over a 35-year period. Nitrogen isotopic composition (delta N-15) of 172 manatee bones declined statewide at a rate of 0.07% year(-1), from 9.8% in 1975 to 7.3% in 2010, suggesting a greater relative abundance of fertilizer, which has a lower delta N-15 value than that of sewage. Of the four coastal regions of Florida we examined, delta N-15 values declined significantly in two: the northeast and northwest coasts. The southeast coast, which includes some of the most densely populated counties and cities, had the highest mean delta N-15 values. In contrast, delta C-13 values did not vary over time or among coastal regions within the state, indicating that the source of the plant material in the manatee diets did not change substantively over the course of the study period. The general decline in delta N-15 values may be due to an increase in synthetic fertilizer nitrogen use by the agriculture industry in Florida, but that trend has now abated as overall fertilizer use has stabilized. It is also likely that the increased use of deep injection wells for treated wastewater disposal, which diverts sewage-derived nitrogen away from coastal waters, contributed to the long-term decline in delta N-15 values in spite of the state's rising human population.
机译：营养污染是沿海海洋环境中生态变化的主要驱动力。在过去的150年中，在沿海地区，包括加勒比海在内的许多地区，氮的主要来源已从污水转向合成肥料。在这里，我们对来自美国佛罗里达海岸的海牛（Trichechus manatus latirostris）骨骼进行稳定的氮同位素分析，以确定它们是否记录了35年间沿海氮池的变化。全州172条海牛骨骼的氮同位素组成（δN-15）以0.07％年（-1）的速度下降，从1975年的9.8％下降到2010年的7.3％，表明肥料相对丰度更大，而肥料相对较低N-15值比污水的值大。在我们调查的佛罗里达州的四个沿海地区中，东北两个地区和北部两个地区的N-15值均显着下降。东南沿海，包括一些人口最稠密的县和城市，平均三角洲N-15值最高。相反，该州的C-13值不会随时间变化或在沿海地区之间变化，这表明海牛饮食中植物材料的来源在研究期间没有发生实质性变化。 N-15值的总体下降可能是由于佛罗里达州农业行业合成肥料氮的使用量增加，但是随着总体肥料使用量的稳定，这种趋势现在已经减弱。尽管该州人口不断增加，但仍可能更多地使用深层注水井处理污水，这使污水中的氮从沿海水域转移开来，导致N-15值长期下降。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2018年第5期|85.1-85.8|共8页
  • 作者

    Bacalan Vince; Poinsatte Tasia; Baker David M.; Fogel Marilyn L.; Kim Kiho;

  • 作者单位

    Amer Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 4400 Massachusetts Ave, Washington, DC 20016 USA;

    Amer Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 4400 Massachusetts Ave, Washington, DC 20016 USA;

    Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China;

    Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA;

    Amer Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 4400 Massachusetts Ave, Washington, DC 20016 USA;

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