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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Foraging behaviour and habitat use by brown skuas Stercorarius lonnbergi breeding at South Georgia
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Foraging behaviour and habitat use by brown skuas Stercorarius lonnbergi breeding at South Georgia

机译：南佐治亚州棕色斑马Stercorarius lonnbergi的觅食行为和栖息地利用

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Top predators are critical to ecosystem function, exerting a stabilising effect on the food web. Brown skuas are opportunistic predators and scavengers. Although skuas are often the dominant land-based predator at sea-bird colonies, this is the first detailed study of their movements and activity during breeding. The study was carried out at Bird Island, South Georgia (54°00′S, 38°03′W), in the austral summer of 2011/2012 and included GPS data from 33 breeding adults tracked during the late incubation and early chick-rearing periods. Brown skuas spent on average more than 80 % of time in the territory, and it was extremely rare for both partners to leave the territory simultaneously. Much more time was spent foraging at the coast than in penguin colonies and, based on saltwater immersion data, adults never foraged at sea. None of the tracked birds appeared to specialise in catching small petrels at night. Fewer foraging trips were made per day, and hence, more time was spent in the territory, during incubation than chick-rearing. Despite the pronounced sexual size dimorphism, there were no effects of sex on territorial attendance, foraging time or habitat use. Skuas at Bird Island show higher territorial attendance and are less likely to leave the territory unattended than those breeding elsewhere, suggesting closer proximity to more diverse or abundant food resources than at other colonies. The results tie in with previous diet studies, indicating that brown skuas at this site feed mostly on seal placentae and carrion and that birds may rely on a broader range of food resources as the season progresses.
机译：顶级掠食者对于生态系统功能至关重要，对食物网具有稳定作用。布朗狮ku是机会主义的掠食者和清道夫。尽管斯夸斯犬通常是海鸟殖民地中主要的陆基捕食者，但这是对它们在繁殖过程中的活动和活动的首次详细研究。这项研究是在2011/2012夏季，在乔治亚州南部的伯德岛（54°00′S，38°03′W）进行的，该研究包括在孵化后期和雏鸡早期追踪的33个成年成年成年猫的GPS数据，饲养期。布朗斯库亚人平均在该领土上度过的时间超过80％，而且两个伴侣同时离开该领土的情况极为罕见。在沿海地区觅食所花的时间比在企鹅殖民地上花费的时间要多得多，并且根据盐水浸没数据，成年人从未在海上觅食。这些被追踪的鸟类似乎都没有专门在晚上捉小海燕。每天进行的觅食旅行较少，因此，在孵化过程中在该地区花费的时间比养鸡多。尽管明显的性别大小二态性，但性别对领土出勤，觅食时间或栖息地使用没有影响。与其他地方的物种相比，伯德岛的贼鸥显示出更高的领土出席率，并且更不会无人值守该领土，这表明与其他殖民地相比，更接近于更多种多样的食物资源。该结果与以前的饮食研究相吻合，表明该地点的褐狮ku主要以海豹胎盘和腐肉为食，随着季节的发展，鸟类可能依赖更广泛的食物资源。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2014年第8期|1755-1764|共10页
  • 作者

    Ana Paula B. Carneiro; Andrea Manica; Richard A. Phillips;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK;

    Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK;

    British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Madingley Road, High Cross, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK;

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