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Inter- and intra-year variation in foraging areas of breeding kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla)

机译：繁殖Kittiwakes（Rissa tridactyla）觅食区域的年内和年内变化

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While seabird conservation efforts have largely focused on protection from threats at the colony (e.g. reducing disturbance and predation), attention is increasingly being given to implementing protection measures for foraging areas at sea. For this to be effective, important foraging areas must be identified. Although numerous studies have examined seabird foraging behaviour, information is still lacking on the variability in area utilisation within and among breeding seasons. GPS devices were attached to adult black-legged kittiwakes breeding at an expanding North Sea colony (55°20′N, 1°32′W) during both incubation and chick-rearing in 2012 and during chick-rearing in 2011, to determine whether foraging areas remained consistent and to identify the oceanographic characteristics of areas used for foraging. The type and size of prey items consumed at different stages of the breeding cycle was also examined. During incubation (April-May 2012), kittiwakes foraged substantially further from the colony and fed on larger sandeels than when feeding chicks, and there was significant inter-annual variation in foraging areas used during the chick-rearing period (June-July 2011 and 2012). Foraging areas were characterised by cooler sea surface temperatures and areas of high chlorophyll a concentration, although association with specific oceanographic features changed within the breeding season and between years. These results emphasise the importance of considering how foraging areas and reliance on specific oceanographic conditions change over time when seeking to identify important marine areas for seabirds.
机译：虽然海鸟的保护工作主要集中在保护免受殖民地威胁（例如减少干扰和掠夺），但人们越来越重视对海上觅食区实施保护措施。为了使之有效，必须确定重要的觅食区域。尽管许多研究已经研究了海鸟的觅食行为，但仍缺乏有关繁殖季节内和繁殖季节之间区域利用变化的信息。在2012年的孵化和雏鸡饲养以及2011年的雏鸡饲养期间，将GPS设备连接到在不断扩大的北海殖民地（55°20′N，1°32′W）的成年黑脚Kittiwakes繁殖。觅食区域保持一致，并确定用于觅食的区域的海洋学特征。还检查了繁殖周期不同阶段消耗的猎物的类型和大小。在孵化期间（2012年4月至5月），基蒂沃克人从鸡群中觅食的距离比在给小鸡喂食时要大得多，并在更大的沙fed上觅食，并且在小鸡饲养期间（2011年6月至7月和2012）。觅食区的特征是凉爽的海面温度和高叶绿素a浓度的区域，尽管与特定海洋学特征的关联在繁殖季节和年份之间发生了变化。这些结果强调了在寻找海鸟重要海洋区域时，考虑觅食区域和对特定海洋条件的依赖随时间如何变化的重要性。

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  • 来源
    《Marine biology》 |2014年第9期|1973-1986|共14页
  • 作者

    G. S. Robertson; M. Bolton; W. J. Grecian; P. Monaghan;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;

    RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire SG19 2DL, UK;

    Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;

    Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;

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