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Effects of simulated light regimes on maturity and body composition of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba

机译：模拟光照对南极磷虾成熟度和体成分的影响

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摘要

The effect of different light regimes on the development of sexual maturity and body composition (carbon, nitrogen, lipid and protein) of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, was studied over 12 weeks under laboratory conditions. Krill were exposed to light-cycle regimes of variable intensity to simulate Southern Ocean summer, autumn and winter conditions, respectively using: (1) continuous light (LL; 200 lux max), (2) 12-h light and 12-h darkness (LD 12:12; 50 lux max), and (3) continuous darkness (DD). The sexual maturity of female and male krill exposed to LL and LD 12:12 showed an accelerated succession of external maturity stages during the experimental period, while krill exposed to continuous darkness showed no changes in external maturity during the course of the study. Changes in the maturity development of krill between the different light regimes are reflected in changes in body composition. Krill exposed to LL and LD 12:12 showed an increase in lipid utilization, indicating that the development of external maturation may be fuelled preferentially by lipid reserves. In contrast, values of total lipid content of krill held under continuous darkness indicated an unchanged lipid catabolism during the course of the study. Thus, the maturity development of krill was affected either directly or indirectly by the different simulated light conditions. Based on these results, and observations on the effects of simulated light regimes on feeding and metabolic rates of krill available from a previous study, we suggest that the Antarctic light regime is an essential cue governing the seasonal cycle of krill physiology and maturity, and highlight the importance of this environmental factor in the life history of krill.
机译：在实验室条件下，研究了不同光照条件对南极磷虾（Euphausia superba）性成熟和身体组成（碳，氮，脂质和蛋白质）发育的影响。磷虾暴露于可变强度的光周期条件下，分别模拟以下情况：（1）连续光照（LL；最大200 lux），（2）光照12小时和黑暗12小时（LD 12:12；最大50 lux），以及（3）连续黑暗（DD）。在实验期间，暴露于LL和LD 12:12的雌性和雄性磷虾的性成熟显示出外部成熟阶段的加速进行，而暴露于连续黑暗中的磷虾在研究过程中未显示外部成熟的变化。磷虾成熟度在不同光照条件下的变化反映在身体成分的变化中。磷虾暴露于LL和LD 12:12时，脂类的利用率增加，表明外部成熟的发展可能优先由脂质储备提供动力。相反，在连续黑暗中保持的磷虾总脂质含量值表明在研究过程中脂质分解代谢未改变。因此，磷虾的成熟发育受到不同模拟光照条件的直接或间接影响。根据这些结果，以及从以前的研究中观察到的模拟光照方案对磷虾的摄食和代谢速率的影响，我们认为南极光照方案是控制磷虾生理和成熟的季节性周期的重要线索，并着重介绍了这种环境因素在磷虾生活史中的重要性。

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