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Disease and cell death in white syndrome of Acroporid corals on the Great Barrier Reef

机译：大堡礁上的Acroporid珊瑚白色综合征的疾病和细胞死亡

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White syndromes (WS) are among the most prevalent coral diseases, and are responsible for reef demise on the Great Barrier Reef. The disease manifests as a clear differentiation between tissue and exposed skeleton and results in rapid tissue loss. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was used in conjunction with histology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate bacterial communities and cell death associated with WS. No evidence of bacterial communities or microbial association (using six bacterial probes, TEM and histopathology) was evident within the lesion or adjacent tissues, despite the presence of dense possible secondary invaders in the exposed skeletal regions. Despite widespread reference to necrosis in coral disease literature, there was no evidence of necrosis in any WS lesion or the adjacent tissues in this study. However, in situ end labelling, light microscopy and TEM of WS and healthy coral tissue sections showed evidence of extensive programmed cell death (PCD) exclusively in WS. This study provides the first evidence of intrinsic or PCD as a primary mechanism of cell death in WS, and may provide some explanation for the failure to isolate pathogens from over 80% of identified coral diseases, many of which show similar lesion patterns and WS characteristics.
机译：白色综合症（WS）是最普遍的珊瑚病，是大堡礁上珊瑚礁灭绝的原因。该疾病表现为组织与裸露骨骼之间的明显分化，并导致组织快速丧失。荧光原位杂交（FISH）与组织学和透射电子显微镜（TEM）结合使用，以调查与WS相关的细菌群落和细胞死亡。尽管在裸露的骨骼区域中存在密集的继发性入侵者，但在病变或邻近组织中没有发现细菌群落或微生物结合的证据（使用六种细菌探针，TEM和组织病理学检查）。尽管在珊瑚病文献中广泛提及坏死，但在本研究中，没有任何WS病变或邻近组织坏死的迹象。但是，WS的原位末端标记，光学显微镜和TEM以及健康的珊瑚组织切片显示出仅在WS中存在广泛的程序性细胞死亡（PCD）的证据。这项研究提供了内源性或PCD作为WS细胞死亡的主要机制的第一个证据，并可能为未能从80％以上已鉴定的珊瑚病中分离病原体提供一些解释，其中许多疾病表现出相似的病灶模式和WS特征。

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