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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Availability of dissolved organic matter offsets metabolic costs of a protracted larval period for Bugula neritina (Bryozoa)
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Availability of dissolved organic matter offsets metabolic costs of a protracted larval period for Bugula neritina (Bryozoa)

机译：可溶性有机物的可利用性抵消了臭虫（Byula neritina（Bryozoa））幼虫期延长的代谢成本

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For nearly a century researchers have investigated the uptake and utilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) by marine invertebrates, but its contribution to their growth, reproduction, and survival remains unclear. Here, the benefit of DOM uptake was assessed for the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina (Linnaeus 1758) through performance comparisons of individuals in the presence and absence of DOM. The experiments were performed using B. neritina collected from floating docks in Beaufort, NC, USA from July to September 2004. Seawater was subjected to ultraviolet irradiation to reduce naturally occurring DOM, and then enriched with either 1 μM of palmitic acid or a mixture containing 1 μM each of glucose, alanine, aspartic acid and glycine. Larvae in DOM-enriched and DOM-reduced treatments were sampled and induced to metamorphose following 1, 6, 12, and 24 h of continuous swimming at 25℃. Sampled larvae were assessed for initiation of metamorphosis, completion of metamorphosis, and ancestrular lophophore size to determine the extent to which energy acquired from DOM uptake could offset the metabolic costs of prolonged larval swimming. DOM treatment had no significant effect on initiation of metamorphosis, but did have a significant effect on completion of metamorphosis and lophophore size. Larvae swimming in DOM-enriched treatments for 24 h experienced a 20% increase in metamorphic completion rate, compared to larvae swimming for 24 h in the DOM-reduced treatment. In addition, larvae in the amino acid and sugar mixture for 24 h had a significantly larger lophophore surface area and volume (23 and 31%, respectively), compared to larvae in DOM-depleted sea-water. To ensure that the increases in performance found in larvae with access to DOM were not due to a decrease in metabolic activity, the respiration rates for these larvae were compared to those of larvae in DOM-depleted seawater. There were no significant differences between these treatments, indicating that the increases in performance were due to the energy acquired from DOM. These results clearly show that for B. neritina, DOM uptake results in increased metamorphic success and in the size of the feeding apparatus following an extended larval swimming duration.
机译：近一个世纪以来，研究人员研究了海洋无脊椎动物对溶解性有机物（DOM）的吸收和利用，但是其对它们的生长，繁殖和生存的贡献仍不清楚。在这里，通过比较存在和不存在DOM时个体的性能，评估了海洋苔藓菌Bugula neritina（Linnaeus 1758）摄取DOM的好处。实验使用2004年7月至9月从美国北卡罗来纳州博福特的浮船坞收集的奈瑟氏球菌进行。对紫外线进行海水照射以减少天然存在的DOM，然后富含1μM棕榈酸或含有葡萄糖，丙氨酸，天冬氨酸和甘氨酸各1μM。在25℃连续游泳1、6、12和24小时后，对富含DOM和减少DOM的处理中的幼虫取样并诱导变态。评估采样的幼虫的变态的开始，变态的完成和祖先荧光团的大小，以确定从DOM摄取中获取的能量可以抵消长时间幼体游泳的代谢成本的程度。 DOM处理对变态的开始没有显着影响，但是对变态的完成和荧光团大小确实有显着影响。与减少DOM的处理中24h的幼虫相比，富含DOM的处理中24h的幼体经历了20％的变质完成率。此外，与DOM贫化海水中的幼虫相比，氨基酸和糖混合物中24小时的幼虫具有显着更大的荧光团表面积和体积（分别为23％和31％）。为了确保获得DOM的幼虫的性能提高不是由于代谢活性的降低，将这些幼虫的呼吸速率与DOM贫化海水中的幼虫的呼吸速率进行了比较。这些处理之间没有显着差异，表明性能的提高归因于从DOM获得的能量。这些结果清楚地表明，对于B. neritina来说，DOM的摄取会导致变态成功率的提高，并导致幼虫游泳时间延长后喂养设备的大小增加。

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