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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Sand stress as a non-determinant of habitat segregation of indigenous (Perna perna] and invasive (Mytilus galloprovincialis) mussels in South Africa
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Sand stress as a non-determinant of habitat segregation of indigenous (Perna perna] and invasive (Mytilus galloprovincialis) mussels in South Africa

机译：沙胁迫是南非贻贝和入侵贻贝栖息地隔离的非决定性因素

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摘要

Periodical sand inundation influences diversity and distribution of intertidal species throughout the world. This study investigates the effect of sand stress on survival and on habitat segregation of the two dominant mussel species living in South Africa, the invasive Mytilus galloprovincialis and the indigenous Perna perna. P. perna occupies a lower intertidal zone which, monthly surveys over 1.5 years showed, is covered by sand for longer periods than the higher M. galloprovincialis zone. Despite this, when buried under sand, P. perna mortality rates were significantly higher than those of M. galloprovincialis in both laboratory and in field experiments. Under anoxic condition, P. perna mortality rates were still significantly higher than those for M. galloprovincialis, but both species died later than when exposed to sand burial, underlining the importance of the physical action of sand on mussel internal organs. When buried, both species accumulate sediments within the shell valves while still alive, but the quantities are much greater for P. perna. This suggests that P. perna gills are more severely damaged by sand abrasion and could explain its higher mortality rates. M. galloprovincialis has longer labial palps than P. perna, indicating a higher particle sorting ability and consequently explaining its lower mortality rates when exposed to sand in suspension. Habitat segregation is often explained by physiological tolerances, but in this case, such explanations fail. Although sand stress strongly affects the survival of the two species, it does not explain their vertical zona-tion. Contrary to our expectations, the species that is less well adapted to cope with sand stress maintains dominance in a habitat where such stress is high.
机译：周期性的沙浸会影响全球潮间带物种的多样性和分布。这项研究调查了沙土胁迫对生活在南非的两种优势贻贝物种，入侵的Mytilus galloprovincialis和本土的Perna越橘的存活和栖息地隔离的影响。在1.5年的每月调查中，P。perna的潮间带较低，与较高的M. galloprovincialis区相比，其被沙子覆盖的时间更长。尽管如此，在实验室和野外实验中，当被埋在沙子下时，多年生疟原虫的死亡率均显着高于Galloprovincialis。在缺氧条件下，多年生疟原虫的死亡率仍显着高于Galloprovincialis的，但两个物种的死亡时间都比暴露于沙埋时晚，这突显了沙对贻贝内部器官的物理作用的重要性。当被埋葬时，这两种物种仍活着时会在贝壳阀内积聚沉积物，但对于P. perna而言，数量要大得多。这表明P. perna g受到沙磨的破坏更为严重，并且可以解释其较高的死亡率。 Galloprovincialis的唇瓣比P. perna更长，表明其分选能力更高，因此，当其悬浮在沙子中时，其死亡率较低。栖息地隔离通常是由生理耐受性来解释的，但是在这种情况下，这种解释会失败。尽管沙尘胁迫严重影响了这两个物种的生存，但并不能解释它们的垂直分区。与我们的预期相反，不太适应沙压力的物种在这种压力很高的栖息地中保持着优势。

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