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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Feeding in dominant Antarctic copepods - does the morphology of the mandibular gnathobases relate to diet?
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Feeding in dominant Antarctic copepods - does the morphology of the mandibular gnathobases relate to diet?

机译：喂养南极优势dominant足类动物-下颌颌足的形态与饮食有关吗？

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摘要

This study should clarify the importance of morphology and stability of the mandibular gnathobases for the diet of Antarctic copepod species. The gnathobase morphology of the dominant copepod species Calanoides acutus, Calanus propinquus, Ctenocalanus citer, Rhincalanus gigas, Metridia gerlachei, Stephos longipes, Microcalanus pygmaeus and Paraeuchaeta antarctica from the Southern Ocean was investigated in detail by means of a scanning electron microscope. The mandibular gnathobases of C. acutus, C. propinquus and C. citer have relatively short and compact teeth. These species feed mainly on diatoms and are able to crack the silicious diatom frustules with their mandibular gnathobases by directed pressure. In contrast the teeth of the mandibular gnathobases of P. antarctica are very long and pointed. The nutrition of this species consists predominantly of other smaller copepod species. The motile prey can be held by skewering, using the gnathobases, and then eventually minced. The mandibular gnathobases of P. antarctica have notably more small bristles than those of the other investigated copepod species. These bristles are probably associated with receptors and could serve to locate the prey. The morphology of the gnathobases of R. gigas and M. gerlachei is between that of P. antarctica on the one side and that of C. acutus, C. propinquus and C. citer on the other. Based on the morphology of its gnathobases the copepod species S. longipes, which has to date been found to feed primarily on phytoplankton, mainly ice algae, must also be considered a zooplankton feeder. The investigation showed that M. pygmaeus has gnathobases with surprisingly long and pointed teeth, indicating that this species very probably feeds both on phyto- and on zooplankton organisms. While the mandibular gnathobases of the males of C. propinquus, R. gigas, M. gerlachei and S. longipes have the same morphology as the females of the respective species, in the other four investigated copepod species the males have reduced (C. acutus, C. citer and M. pygmaeus) or completely missing mandibular gnathobases (P. antarctica). The teeth of the gnathobases of all studied species with the exception of M. gerlachei consist of a different material than the remaining parts of the gnathobases. This material seems to be silicate, which probably enhances the stability of the gnathobase teeth.
机译：这项研究应阐明在南极co足类物种的饮食中下颌颌甲的形态和稳定性的重要性。通过扫描电子显微镜详细研究了南大洋的主要Cal足类物种Calanoides acutus，Calanus propinquus，Ctenocalanus citer，Rhincalanus gigas，Metridia gerlachei，Stephos longipes，Microcalanus pygmaeus和Paraeuchaeta南极洲的gnathobase形态。 C. acutus，C。propinquus和C. citer的下颌颌骨牙齿相对较短且紧凑。这些物种主要以硅藻为食，并能够在有向压力的作用下用其下颌颌甲裂基裂开硅藻硅藻壳。相比之下，南极疟原虫的下颌念珠​​齿的牙齿非常长且尖。该物种的营养主要由其他较小的co足类物种组成。可移动的猎物可通过使用gnabasebases进行串结固定，然后最终切碎。南极假单胞菌的下颌颌甲的鬃毛明显比其他调查的co足类物种的鬃毛小。这些刷毛可能与受体有关，可以用来定位猎物。 R. gigas和M. gerlachei的gnabasebases的形态介于一侧的南极疟原虫和另一侧的C. acutus，C。propinquus和C. citer。基于其基的形态，迄今已发现主要以浮游植物，主要​​是冰藻为食的co足类S. longipes也必须被视为浮游动物的饲养者。调查显示，侏儒支原体的念珠菌具有令人惊讶的长而尖的牙齿，这表明该物种很可能以浮游植物和浮游动物为食。虽然原螯虾，巨嘴猴，吉拉奇米氏菌和长链比目鱼的雄性的下颌颌甲的形态与相应物种的雌性相同，但在其他四个调查的co足类中，雄性的减少了（C. acutus ，C。citer和M. pygmaeus）或完全缺失的下颌gnathobases（南极疟原虫）。除gerlachei之外，所有研究物种的gnabasebases的牙齿由与nagnathobases其余部分不同的材料组成。这种材料似乎是硅酸盐，可能增强了纳基齿的稳定性。

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