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首页> 外文期刊>Marine biology >Population structure and genetic diversity in green turtles nesting at Tortuguero, Costa Rica, based on mitochondrial DNA control region sequences
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Population structure and genetic diversity in green turtles nesting at Tortuguero, Costa Rica, based on mitochondrial DNA control region sequences

机译：基于线粒体DNA控制区序列的哥斯达黎加Tortuguero筑巢的绿海龟的种群结构和遗传多样性

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摘要

The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting population at Tortuguero, Costa Rica, is the largest nesting aggregation in the Atlantic, by at least an order of magnitude. Previous mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) surveys based on limited sampling (n = 41) indicated low genetic diversity and low gene flow with other Caribbean nesting colonies. Furthermore, a survey of nuclear DNA diversity invoked the possibility of substructure within the Tortuguero rookery. To evaluate these characteristics, mtDNA control region sequences were determined for green turtles nesting at Tortuguero in 2001 (n = 157) and 2002 (n = 235). The increased sample revealed three additional haplotypes; five hapl-otypes are now known for Tortuguero female green turtles. Analyses of molecular variance indicated that there was no significant spatial population structure along the 30-km nesting beach. In addition, no temporal population structure was detected either between the two nesting seasons or within the nesting season. As a result of the larger sample size and additional haplotypes, estimates of genetic separation among Caribbean nesting colonies have changed and the concordance of phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns reported in the past for green turtles in the Greater Caribbean has weakened. The five haplotypes from Tortuguero represent 36% of the haplotypes identified in green turtle nesting aggregations in the Greater Caribbean and 17% of the haplotypes known to occur in nesting or foraging aggregations in the Greater Caribbean. Haplotype diversity (0.16) and nucleotide diversity (0.0034) for the Tortuguero population are substantially lower than those for the combined rookeries in the Greater Caribbean (0.44 and 0.0078, respectively). Although comprehensive evaluation of regional genetic diversity requires nuclear DNA data, our study indicates that conserving genetic diversity in Caribbean green turtles will require careful management of the smaller rookeries in addition to the Tortuguero rookery.
机译：哥斯达黎加Tortuguero的绿海龟（Chelonia mydas）筑巢种群是大西洋上最大的筑巢种群，至少有一个数量级。先前基于有限采样（n = 41）的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）调查表明，与其他加勒比海嵌套殖民地相比，其遗传多样性较低且基因流量较低。此外，对核DNA多样性的调查引出了Tortuguero种群内部亚结构的可能性。为了评估这些特征，确定了2001年（n = 157）和2002（n = 235）在Tortuguero筑巢的绿海龟的mtDNA控制区序列。增加的样本显示出另外三个单倍型；现在已知有五种八倍型的Tortuguero雌性绿海龟。分子方差分析表明，在30公里的嵌套海滩上没有明显的空间种群结构。另外，在两个筑巢季节之间或在筑巢季节内都没有检测到暂时的种群结构。由于更大的样本量和更多的单倍型，改变了加勒比海巢穴之间遗传分离的估计，并且过去报道的大加勒比海绿海龟的系统发生和系统地理学特征的一致性已经减弱。 Tortuguero的五种单倍型代表了大加勒比海绿海龟筑巢聚集体中鉴定出的单倍型的36％，以及大加勒比地区的筑巢或觅食聚集体中已知发生的单倍型的17％。 Tortuguero种群的单倍型多样性（0.16）和核苷酸多样性（0.0034）大大低于大加勒比地区综合种群的单倍型多样性（分别为0.44和0.0078）。尽管对区域遗传多样性的综合评估需要核DNA数据，但我们的研究表明，保护加勒比海龟的遗传多样性除了需要使用Tortuguero种群外，还需要对较小的种群进行仔细管理。

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