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Statistical process control in assessing production and dissolution rates of biogenic silica in marine environments

机译：评估海洋环境中生物硅的生产和溶解速率的统计过程控制

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This paper provides pieces of advice on the practices of quality assurance and quality control in assessing production and dissolution rates of biogenic silica in marine waters with stable isotope techniques. The objective is to make a rigorous contribution to the interpretation of ~(30)Si isotopic measurements including modelling and uncertainty analyses. The results are illustrated with real data taken from Beucher et al. [Beucher, C, Treguer, P., Corvaisier, R., Hapette, A/-M., Elskens, M., 2004a. Production and dissolution of biogenic silica in a coastal ecosystem of western Europe. Marine Ecology Progress Series 267:57-69.]. Prior to the flux rate assessment, there are a number of analytical considerations required for screening between optimal and defective experimental conditions. Three indexes were proposed to check the relevance of underlying assumptions when dealing with ~(30)Si tracer enrichment and dilution techniques. Afterwards for extracting rate values from measurements, it is necessary to postulate a model, and if required an optimization method. Various models and formulae were compared for their precision and accuracy. It was shown that oversimplified models risk bias when their underlying assumptions are violated, but overly complex models can misinterpret part of the random noise as relevant processes. Therefore, none of the solutions can a priori be rejected, but each should statistically be assessed with hypothesis testing. A weighted least squares regression strategy combining an analysis of the standardized residuals and cost function (sum of the weighted least squares residuals) was used to select optimal solution subsets corresponding to a given data set, i.e. the solution that uses the most relevant processes and which was tested for the presence of outliers (observations or measurements with undue influence in the flux rate assessment).
机译：本文提供有关使用稳定同位素技术评估海水中生物硅的生产和溶解速率的质量保证和质量控制实践的建议。目的是对〜（30）Si同位素测量的解释做出严格的贡献，包括建模和不确定性分析。结果来自Beucher等人的真实数据。 [Beucher，C，Treguer，P.，Corvaisier，R.，Hapette，A / -M。，Elskens，M.，2004a。西欧沿海生态系统中生物硅的生产和溶解。海洋生态进步丛刊267：57-69。在评估通量率之前，需要在最佳条件和有缺陷的实验条件之间进行筛选时需要进行许多分析考虑。当处理〜（30）Si示踪剂富集和稀释技术时，提出了三个指标来检查基本假设的相关性。然后从测量中提取速率值，有必要假设一个模型，并且如果需要的话采用一种优化方法。比较了各种模型和公式的精度和准确性。结果表明，过度简化的模型在违反其基本假设时会产生偏差，但过于复杂的模型则会将部分随机噪声误解为相关过程。因此，所有解决方案都不能被先验地拒绝，但是每个解决方案都应该通过假设检验进行统计学评估。加权最小二乘回归策略结合了标准化残差和成本函数（加权最小二乘残差之和）的分析，用于选择与给定数据集相对应的最优解决方案子集，即使用最相关过程的解决方案以及测试是否存在异常值（观察或测量对通量率评估产生了不适当的影响）。

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