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Comparative study of age estimation in wild and cultured Octopus vulgaris paralarvae: effect of temperature and diet

机译：野生和养殖的章鱼副幼虫年龄估计的比较研究：温度和饮食的影响

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The common octopus Octopus vulgaris is a highly valuable species worldwide, but to understand its population dynamics and requirements under culture conditions, it is crucial to improve our knowledge about its planktonic stages. Previous studies validating daily beak growth increments in these stages allowed age estimation and comparison of wild and cultured paralarvae. We aimed to improve age estimations in captivity, addressing the effect of temperature and diet, to obtain an accurate estimation of age in wild specimens collected from the coast to the open ocean off NW Spain and Morocco. We analysed the beak growth increments of reared paralarvae at 14 and 21 degrees C with 2 different crustacean prey taxa (Artemia and spider crab Maja brachydactyla zoeae) over 30 d. Daily increment deposition at 21 degrees C was confirmed, whereas 1 increment d(-1) was recorded at 14 degrees C. The width of the reading area grew accordingly with age; therefore, this beak region may be suitable for age estimation. A general linear model (GLM) analysis showed that temperature and the interaction of age x temperature significantly influenced increment deposition, whereas diet did not. The number of growth rings recorded in wild paralarvae beaks ranged from 0-8 on the coast, 7-11 on the continental shelf and 2-28 in the open ocean. Corrected age estimates of wild paralarvae were obtained with the GLM using the mean temperatures recorded in the wild, supporting the hypothesis that O. vulgaris leave the coastal area and develop in the open ocean transported by upwelling filaments.
机译：章鱼寻常型章鱼在世界范围内是非常有价值的物种，但是要了解其章鱼种群动态和养殖条件下的要求，提高我们对其浮游阶段的认识至关重要。先前的研究验证了这些阶段中每日喙的生长增量，从而可以估算年龄并比较野生和养殖的幼虫。我们旨在改善圈养年龄的估计，以解决温度和饮食的影响，从而获得从西班牙西北部和摩洛哥附近海岸到公海采集的野生标本的年龄的准确估计。我们用两种不同的甲壳类猎物类群（卤虫和蜘蛛蟹Maja brachydactyla zoeae）在30 d内分析了14和21摄氏度下饲养的幼虫的喙生长增量。确认每天在21摄氏度下有增量沉积，而在14摄氏度下记录了<1增量d（-1）。读取区域的宽度随年龄增长而增加；因此，该喙区域可能适合年龄估计。一般线性模型（GLM）分析显示，温度和年龄x温度的相互作用显着影响增量沉积，而饮食则没有。在野生的幼体喙中记录的年轮数量在海岸上为0-8，在大陆架为7-11，在公海为2-28。使用野外记录的平均温度，通过GLM获得了校正后的野生寄生虫年龄估计，这支持了寻常型O.garusis离开沿海地区并在上升的细丝运输的大洋中发育的假说。

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