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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Intertidal migration of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps in North Brazilian mangrove creeks
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Intertidal migration of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps in North Brazilian mangrove creeks

机译：巴西北部红树林小溪中四眼鱼Anableps的潮间带迁移

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摘要

The movement patterns of mangrove fish during tidal cycles are virtually unknown, yet needed to understand fish habitat use. The intertidal migration of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps L. (Anablepidae, Cyprinodontiformes), a surface-swimming species, was observed along 2 large mangrove-lined creeks in North Brazil. The number, direction and size of the fish crossing fixed line transects were recorded at 5 min intervals using visual surveys during daylight at spring, mid- and neap tide cycles. Migration took place in a surge and was predictably structured and directly related to water level, current speed and direction, and recurred independent of creek and tide. The fish rode the early flood tide upstream towards the creek heads. After the ebb current peak, they returned in a surge along the same pathways. The intertidal distances travelled ranged from 0.7 to ＞2 km per tide. Fish density maxima occurred at early flood and late ebb tide, with more fish swimming alone during flood tide and largest group sizes during ebb tides. At neap high tides, fish aggregated in fewer accessible creek heads. When spring tides inundated wider creek areas and made additional creek heads available, maximum fish dispersal occurred. Small fish underwent migrations at shallower water depths than larger fish, thereby optimizing foraging and refuge time. Creek heads were prime feeding grounds, and intertidal creeks were the pathways connecting trophic flows of A. anableps, highlighting that in the management of mangrove ecosystems, complete drainage systems deserve protection. Striking similarities in tidal migrations of resident salt marsh species suggest that equal evolutionary pressures resulted in universal migratory strategies of estuarine resident taxa.
机译：红潮鱼在潮汐周期中的运动方式实际上是未知的，但是需要了解鱼栖息地的使用。在巴西北部的两条大红树林内衬小溪中观察到了四眼鱼类Anableps anableps L.（Anablepidae，Cyprinodontiformes）的潮间迁移。在春季，中期和午潮周期的白天，使用目视调查，每隔5分钟记录一次鱼类越过固定线样线的数量，方向和大小。迁移发生在一个高潮中，可以预见，其结构是与水位，当前速度和方向直接相关的，并且独立于小溪和潮汐而反复发生。这条鱼将早期的洪水潮向上游驶向小溪头。在退潮电流峰值之后，它们沿着相同的路径激增。每次潮汐传播的潮间距离为0.7至＞ 2 km。鱼群密度最大值发生在洪水初期和退潮后期，在退潮期间有更多的鱼独自游动，在退潮期间有最大的群鱼。在涨潮时，鱼聚集在较少的小溪头上。当春季潮水淹没了更宽的小溪区域，并提供了更多的小溪头时，最大程度地分散了鱼类。小鱼比大鱼在更浅的水深处迁移，从而优化了觅食和避难时间。溪头是主要的觅食地，潮间带的小溪是连接A. anableps的营养流的通道，突显了在红树林生态系统的管理中，完整的排水系统值得保护。居民盐沼物种的潮汐迁徙具有惊人的相似性，这表明相等的进化压力导致了河口居民类群的普遍迁徙策略。

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