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Fish-habitat associations and the role of disturbance in surfgrass beds

机译:鱼类栖息地协会和干扰在海草床中的作用

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Although there are many studies of fauna associated with seagrass beds in sheltered em-bayments and estuaries, few have explored such associations in open coastal environments. We determined species richness and documented recruitment and the relative abundance of older life stages of conspicuous, non-cryptic fishes in subtidal surfgrass Phyllospadix torreyi beds in San Diego County, California, USA. Using underwater visual surveys, we explored the relationships between several habitat attributes and the densities of fishes. We then tested experimentally the effects of disturbance (removal of surfgrass) on the densities of fishes. Standardized to the number of individuals encountered, species richness increased with increasing bed area. Expectedly, the variables that explained variation in the density of fishes were species specific. After removal of surfgrass from one-half of the area of disturbed reefs, densities of recruits generally were significantly higher on the undisturbed versus disturbed halves of the reefs, while the densities of older life stages were unaffected. Recruitment in relation to surfgrass area revealed a significant interaction between unmanipulated and disturbed reefs, with a decreasing trend in density on unmanipulated reefs and an increasing trend on disturbed reefs. Our results indicate that surfgrass beds serve as an important habitat for near-shore fishes, and the loss of surfgrass from disturbance has negative consequences for recruitment success.
机译:尽管对庇护的堤坝和河口中与海草床有关的动物进行了许多研究,但很少有人在开放的沿海环境中探索这种联系。我们确定了在美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县的潮间带水草Phyllospadix torreyi河床中明显,非隐性鱼类的物种丰富度和有据可查的募集以及较长期生命阶段的相对丰度。通过水下视觉调查,我们探索了几种栖息地属性与鱼类密度之间的关系。然后,我们通过实验测试了干扰(去除草皮)对鱼类密度的影响。按照遇到的个体数量标准化,物种丰富度随着床面积的增加而增加。可以预期,解释鱼类密度变化的变量是特定于物种的。从受干扰的礁石区域的一半移走草皮后,未受干扰的礁石的新兵密度通常比受干扰的礁石的一半高得多,而较老生命阶段的密度不受影响。与草皮面积有关的招聘显示,未操纵和受干扰的礁石之间存在显着的相互作用,未受操纵的礁石密度降低,而受干扰的礁石密度增加。我们的结果表明,海草床是近岸鱼类的重要栖息地,干扰造成的海草损失对招募成功有负面影响。

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