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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Juvenile survival in a tropical population of roseate terns: interannual variation and effect of tick parasitism
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Juvenile survival in a tropical population of roseate terns: interannual variation and effect of tick parasitism

机译：玫瑰燕鸥热带种群的幼年生存：tick寄生的年际变化和影响

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Many demographic studies on long-lived seabirds have focused on the .estimation of adult survival, but much less is known about survival during the early years of life," especially in tropical species. We report analyses of a capture-recapture dataset of 685 roseate terns ringed as fledglings and adults between 1998 and 2005 on Aride Island, Seychelles, and recaptured/resighted at the same colony site over a 5 yr (2002 to 2006) period. A multistate model was used to estimate survival for different age classes, including juvenile (first-year) birds returning as non-breeding prospectors. The effect of infestation by parasites (ticks) on survival was also examined. Overall, the estimated return of first-year individuals to the natal colony was very variable, ranging from 2 to 22%. Conditioned on survival, the probability of returning from Age 2 yr onwards increased to 70%. Survival rates were best modeled as time-specific, with estimates varying from 0.02 to 1.00 (mean 0.69) in first-year birds with a marked negative effect of tick infestation. In older birds (minimum age of 2 yr), the annual estimates fell between 0.69 and 0.86 (mean 0.77). Using a components of variance approach for estimation of year-to-year variation, we found high temporal variability for first-year individuals (coefficient of variation [CV] = 65%) compared to much less variation in the survival rate of older birds (CV = 9%). These findings agree with the life-history prediction that demographic rates of juveniles are usually lower and more variable than those of older individuals. Our results are also consistent with the predicted negative effect of tick parasitism on juvenile survival. Compared with data from other roseate tern populations, survival over the first 2 yr (Age 0 to 2 yr) was 18 to 40% higher in this study, suggesting that a high 'young' survival rate may be an important demographic trait in this tropical population to compensate for the low annual reproductive success. Our data show that estimating survival of young individuals may be crucial to elucidating the demographic tactics of seabirds.
机译：许多关于长寿海鸟的人口统计学研究都集中在对成年存活率的估计上，但对生命早期尤其是热带物种的存活率知之甚少。我们报告了对685种玫瑰酸盐捕获-捕获数据集的分析。燕鸥在1998年至2005年期间在塞舌尔的阿里德岛成年幼鸟和成年幼崽，并在5年（2002年至2006年）期间在同一殖民地被捕捞/监视，使用多州模型估算不同年龄段的生存情况，包括幼鸟（第一年）作为非繁殖前途者返回，还检查了寄生虫（tic虫）侵染对存活的影响，总体而言，第一年个体返回出生地的估计差异很大，范围为2到22％。以生存为条件，从2岁起返回的可能性增加到70％。生存率最好是按时间特定的，第一年的估计值在0.02到1.00之间（平均0.69）对tick虫有明显负面影响的鸟类。在年龄较大的鸟类（至少2岁）中，年度估算值落在0.69至0.86之间（平均0.77）。使用方差成分方法估算年际差异，我们发现第一年个体的时间变异性较高（变异系数[CV] = 65％），而成年鸟类的存活率变异性要小得多（ CV = 9％）。这些发现与生活史预测相符，即青年人口统计学特征通常比老年人个体更低，而且变化更大。我们的结果也与壁虱寄生对青少年存活的预期负面影响相一致。与其他玫瑰燕鸥种群的数据相比，本研究的前2年（0至2岁）生存率高18％至40％，这表明高的“年轻”生存率可能是该热带地区的重要人口统计学特征人口以弥补每年的低繁殖成功率。我们的数据表明，估计年轻个体的存活率对于阐明海鸟的人口统计学策略可能至关重要。

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