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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Vertical, lateral and temporal structure in larval distributions at hydrothermal vents
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Vertical, lateral and temporal structure in larval distributions at hydrothermal vents

机译：热液喷口幼虫分布的垂直，横向和时间结构

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摘要

We examined larval abundance patterns near deep-sea hydrothermal vents along the East Pacific Rise to investigate how physical transport processes and larval behavior may interact to influence larval dispersal from, and supply to, vent populations. We characterized vertical and lateral distributions and temporal variation of larvae of vent species using high-volume pumps that recovered larvae in good condition (some still alive) and in high numbers (up to 450 individuals sample). Moorings supported pumps at heights of 1, 20, and 175 m above the seafloor, and were positioned directly above and at 10s to 100s of meters away from vent communities. Sampling was conducted on 4 cruises between November 1998 and May 2000. Larvae of 22 benthic species, including gastropods, a bivalve, polychaetes, and a crab, were identified unequivocally as vent species, and 15 additional species, or species-groups, comprised larvae of probable vent origin. For most taxa, abundances decreased significantly with increasing height above bottom. When vent sites within the confines of the axial valley were considered, larval abundances were significantly higher on-vent than off, suggesting that larvae may be retained within the valley. Abundances of all vent species varied significantly among sample dates; the variation was not synchronized among taxa, except for consistently low abundances during November 1998. Lateral distributions did not vary among major larval groups (gastropods, polychaetes and bivalves), although polychaetes showed anomalously high abundances off-vent at 1 m above bottom. Lateral patterns also did not vary among species of gastropods, indicating that hydrodynamic processes may be transporting diverse species in similar ways. However, the species-level differences in temporal patterns indicate that there is substantial discontinuity in the abundance of individual species at vent communities, possibly due to timing of spawning and/or behavioral interactions with flow.
机译：我们研究了东太平洋上升沿深海热液喷口附近的幼虫丰度模式，以研究物理运输过程和幼虫行为可能如何相互作用，以影响从喷口种群的散布和供应。我们使用高容量的泵来表征通风孔物种幼虫的垂直和横向分布以及时间变化，这些泵能够以良好的状态（有些还活着）和大量的幼虫（多达450个个体样本）回收幼体。系泊系统将泵支撑在海底以上1、20和175 m的高度，并被放置在距通风口社区正上方10到100米的地方。在1998年11月至2000年5月之间的4次航行中进行了采样。毫无疑问地，将22种底栖动物的幼虫明确地确定为通风孔物种，其中包括腹足纲动物，双壳类，多毛类和螃蟹，另有15个物种或物种组包括幼体。可能是通风孔的起源。对于大多数分类单元，随着底部上方高度的增加，丰度显着下降。当考虑到轴向谷的范围内的通风点时，幼虫的丰度明显高于未孵化的，这表明幼虫可能保留在谷内。采样日期之间所有通气物种的丰度差异很大；除1998年11月期间丰度始终较低外，各类群之间的变化没有同步。主要的幼体组（腹足纲，多足类和双壳类）的侧向分布没有变化，尽管多足类在离底部1 m处出水异常高。腹足动物的物种之间的横向模式也没有变化，这表明流体动力学过程可能以相似的方式运输各种物种。但是，时间模式中物种水平的差异表明，在喷口群落中单个物种的丰度存在很大的不连续性，这可能是由于产卵的时间和/或与水的行为相互作用造成的。

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