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Dependence of paternity rates on alternative reproductive behaviors in the squid Loligo bleekeri

机译:亲子鉴定率对鱿鱼Loligo bleekeri替代生殖行为的依赖性

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The mating behavior of captive Loligo bleekeri and the paternity of the resulting progeny were examined based on behavioral observations and genetic analyses. In this species, there are 3 mating behaviors (male-parallel, head-to-head, and extra-pair), and 2 sperm storage sites in females (seminal receptacle and the opening of the oviduct), which suggest that sperm competition occurs. All 3 mating behaviors were observed, and females mated often with different males, resulting in multiple paternity within 3 of the 4 broods examined. In each brood, the male to mate last and frequently before the female spawned fertilized the most eggs (87 to 100%). A sneaker male that mated by extra-pair copulation sired 8.5 % of the eggs in a brood. Some eggs were fertilized by sperm received before the start of the study, indicating that sperm can be stored for at least several days before a spawning. In the broods with multiple paternity, the paternity patterns differed among egg capsules. Male competition was more intense between similar-sized males than between different-sized males, but body size did not affect the copulative success in the male-parallel position. We found multiple mating and multiple paternity in L. bleekeri. Paternity rates differed depending on the complex of factors, mating position, timing, frequency and duration. Alternative reproductive behaviors would change these factors and lead to different paternity rates.
机译:基于行为观察和遗传分析,研究了圈养Loligo bleekeri的交配行为和后代的亲子关系。在这个物种中,有3种交配行为(雄性平行,头对头和额外配对),雌性中有2个精子储存位点(生殖器容器和输卵管开口),这表明发生了精子竞争。 。观察到所有3种交配行为,雌性经常与不同的雄性交配,导致在所检查的4个种系中的3个内有多个父系。在每个育雏中,雄性交配的时间要长且频繁,而雌性产卵的受卵率最高(87%至100%)。一只由超配对交配交配的运动鞋雄性,将8.5%的卵孵化出来。在研究开始之前,一些卵是通过接受精子来受精的,这表明精子可以在产卵前保存至少几天。在具有多个父系的亲代中,卵囊之间的父系模式有所不同。大小相似的雄性之间的雄性竞争比不同大小的雄性之间的竞争更为激烈,但体型并没有影响雄性平行位置的交配成功。我们在L. bleekeri中发现了多个交配和多个父系。亲子关系率因因素,交配位置,时间,频率和持续时间等复杂因素而异。替代性生殖行为将改变这些因素,并导致不同的父亲率。

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