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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Temporal patterns of biological dimethylsulfide (DMS) consumption during laboratory-induced phytoplankton bloom cycles
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Temporal patterns of biological dimethylsulfide (DMS) consumption during laboratory-induced phytoplankton bloom cycles

机译：实验室诱导的浮游植物开花周期中生物二甲基硫醚（DMS）消耗的时间模式

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Phytoplankton bloom cycles were followed for 9 d in two 20 l carboy mesocosms filled with water from the offshore plume of Mobile Bay Alabama, USA, and incubated under fluorescent light. One of the blooms was enriched by addition of nitrate+phosphate (+nutrients), and both blooms were used to study how dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentrations and biological consumption varied over the bloom cycles. Peaks of algal biomass (15-22 μg chlorophyll a l~(-1)) in the blooms were followed within 1 d by peaks of the DMS precursor, particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPp; 100-140 nM). DMS concentrations increased rapidly during the early bloom, rising from 1 nM on Day 1 up to 12 nM in the unamended carboy and up to 17 nM in the +nutrient carboy on Day 6. Maximum values for DMS concentrations, DMS consumption rates (as measured with ~(35)S-DMS), and bacterial production were observed during the early decline of phytoplankton biomass. DMS consumption rates were initially 0.8 nM d~(-1) and increased to 3.1 nM d~(-1) in the unamended carboy and to 9.1 nM d~(-1) in the +nutrient carboy. Rate constants for DMS consumption (0.25-0.95 d~(-1)) initially decreased as DMS concentrations increased, resulting in longer turnover times for DMS during the peak and early decline of the blooms. Assimilation of DMS-sulfur by bacterioplankton accounted ' for 4-22% of the total DMS consumption and higher rates of DMS assimilation occurred in the +nutrients bloom. Despite a bloom and decline of total heterotrophic bacterial abundances, bacterial community composition at the major phylogenetic group level remained relatively constant in both blooms, although the alpha proteobacteria showed a temporal increase in abundance in the +nutrient carboy. The concentration ratios of DMS:chlorophyll a and DMS:DMSP displayed nonlinear, sigmoidal patterns over the bloom cycles and these ratios were not substantially affected by the nutrient amendment. Our results demonstrate that uncoupling of DMS production and biological consumption can occur early in a bloom cycle, causing DMS concentrations to rise significantly before biological consumption responds to draw down the DMS.
机译：在两个装满来自美国阿拉巴马州莫比尔湾近海羽状流的水的20升圆桶状介体中，进行了9天的浮游植物开花循环，并在荧光灯下孵育。通过添加硝酸盐+磷酸盐（+营养素）来富集其中一种大花，并且使用两种大花来研究二甲基硫醚（DMS）浓度和生物消耗量在大花周期中的变化。大花中藻类生物量（15-22μg叶绿素a〜（-1））的峰在1 d内跟随着DMS前体颗粒状二甲基磺基丙酸二甲酯（DMSPp； 100-140 nM）的峰。 DMS浓度在开花初期迅速增加，从第1天的1 nM上升到未经修饰的花粉容器中的12 nM，在+营养盐的花粉容器中增加到第6天的17 nM。 （〜35）S-DMS），并且在浮游植物生物量的早期下降期间观察到细菌产生。 DMS消耗率最初为0.8 nM d〜（-1），在未经修饰的瓶中增加到3.1 nM d〜（-1），在+营养瓶中增加到9.1 nM d〜（-1）。 DMS消耗的速率常数（0.25-0.95 d〜（-1））最初随着DMS浓度的增加而降低，从而导致花朵高峰和早期下降期间DMS的周转时间更长。浮游生物对DMS硫的吸收占总DMS消耗的4％至22％，并且+营养素开花中DMS的吸收率更高。尽管异养菌总细菌数量大量增加和减少，但是尽管α营养蛋白细菌显示+营养小瓶中的细菌数量随时间增加，但主要的系统发育群体水平上的细菌群落组成在两种细菌中都保持相对恒定。 DMS：叶绿素a和DMS：DMSP的浓度比在开花周期中显示出非线性的S型分布，这些比例基本上不受养分修正的影响。我们的结果表明，DMS产生量与生物消耗量之间的脱钩可能在开花周期的早期发生，从而导致DMS浓度显着升高，然后生物消耗量会降低DMS。

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