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Influence of wave climate on architecture and landscape characteristics of Posidonia oceanica meadows

机译：波浪气候对海洋波塞冬草草甸建筑和景观特征的影响

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摘要

Seagrass meadow characteristics, including distribution, shape, size and within-meadow architectural features, may be influenced by various physical factors, including hydrodynamic forces. However, such influences have hardly been assessed for meadows of the ecologically important and endemic Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica. The distribution of P.oceanica meadows at five sites in the Maltese Islands was mapped to a depth of c.15m using a combination of aerial photography and SCUBA diving surveys. Estimates of wind-generated wave energy and energy attenuated by depth were computed using the hydrodynamic model WEMo (Wave Exposure Model). Metrics for P.oceanica landscape features were calculated using FRAGSTATS for replicate 2500m(2) subsamples taken from the seagrass habitat maps in order to explore the influence of wave dynamics at the landscape scale. Data on within-meadow architectural attributes were collected from five sites and analysed for relationships with wave energy. The results indicate that landscape and architectural features of P.oceanica meadows located within the 6-11m depth range are significantly influenced by wave climate. Posidonia oceanica meadows tend to be patchier and have low overall cover, more complex patch shapes and reduced within-patch architectural complexity along a wave exposure gradient from low to high energy. The findings from the present study provide new insight into the influence of hydrodynamic factors on the natural dynamism of P.oceanica meadow landscape and architecture, which has implications for the conservation and management of the habitat.
机译：海草草甸的特征，包括分布，形状，大小和草甸内的建筑特征，可能受到包括水动力在内的各种物理因素的影响。但是，对于具有重要生态意义的地方性地中海海草波西多尼亚大洋洲的草地，很难评估这种影响。结合航空摄影和SCUBA潜水调查，将马耳他群岛五个地点的洋生草地的分布分布定位在约15m处。使用水动力模型WEMo（波浪暴露模型）来计算风力产生的波能和被深度衰减的能量的估计。使用FRAGSTATS计算了从海草栖息地地图中提取的2500m（2）子样本的FRAGSTATS，计算了海生波罗的海景观特征的度量标准，以探讨波浪动态对景观尺度的影响。从五个地点收集了草甸内建筑属性的数据，并分析了其与波浪能的关系。结果表明，海浪气候对6〜11m深度范围内的大红杨草甸的景观和建筑特征产生了显着影响。波西多尼亚大洋洲的草地趋向于斑驳，总体覆盖率低，斑块形状更复杂，并且沿着从低能量到高能量的波浪暴露梯度，斑块内的建筑复杂性降低。本研究的发现提供了对水动力因素对P.oceanica草甸景观和建筑自然动力的影响的新见解，这对栖息地的保护和管理具有重要意义。

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