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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology >Changes in life cycle of the Ponto-Caspian amphipod Pontogammarus robustoides at in the northernmost part of its range
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Changes in life cycle of the Ponto-Caspian amphipod Pontogammarus robustoides at in the northernmost part of its range

机译：在其范围的最北端，里海庞特古罗马两栖动物生命周期的变化

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The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of abundance, population structure and reproductive variables of the invasive Ponto-Caspian amphipod Pontogammarus robustoides in its northernmost population, located in the Baltic Sea. Pontogammarus robustoides population variables were studied every month from May to October over 7 years (2002-2008) at two locations in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland, one site in the north and one in the south. Observations of macrozoobenthos were also conducted once per year in July at 12 sites in this gulf during 2002-2014. This was to monitor the distribution area of P. robustoides and its abundance/biomass in different parts of the Gulf. The results showed that P. robustoides is a widely spread species in the Gulf, preferring to colonize stone-sandy, vegetated and littoral habitats, from the shore to a depth of 5 m, with water salinity of 0.2-3 ppt. This species co-exists with other amphipods, such as the Baikalian Gmelinoides fasciatus, the North Atlantic Gammarus tigrinus and the native Gammarus spp. The abundance of P. robustoides varied between the two study sites and among years (2002-2008), reaching a maximum level of 1000 ind..m(-2) for adults and 3000 ind..m(-2) for juveniles. The temperature-dependent duration of egg development (embryogenesis) in the amphipod and the annual number of generations in P. robustoides populations varied among years. Three generations were recorded in most years and two generations in the coldest years. Clutch size (or fecundity) was dependent on the body length of female and averaged between 33 and 43 eggs per clutch for females ranging in body length from 11.2 to 12.2 mm. A maximum of 75 eggs were observed in a female with a body length of 16 mm. This paper concludes that life-cycle variables change when P. robustoides spreads from the southern (Ponto-Caspian region) to northern (Baltic Sea) range areas. In the studied northernmost location, the fecundity and number of generations of this amphipod were 1.5-2-fold lower compared with the more southern locations. In addition, these variables and P. robustoides abundance were different between the coldest and warmest years at study sites that testify about their distinct dependence on local environmental conditions; further changes in life cycle of this species may be expected together with current climate warming.
机译：这项研究的目的是调查位于波罗的海最北端人口的入侵里海庞特-里海两栖类庞贝巨鳄robust虾的丰度，种群结构和繁殖变量的动态。在7年（2002-2008年）的5月至10月期间，每月对芬兰湾东部的两个地点，北部的一个地点和南部的一个地点进行研究。在2002-2014年期间，每年7月还在该海湾的12个地点进行一次大型动物的观察。这是为了监测在海湾的不同地区的罗氏沼虾的分布区域及其丰度/生物量。结果表明，P.robustoides是在海湾地区广泛传播的一种物种，更喜欢在海岸到5m深度的砂质，植被和沿海生境定居，水盐度为0.2-3 ppt。该物种与其他两栖动物共存，例如Baikalian Gmelinoides fasciatus，北大西洋的tigammaus和本地的Gammarus spp。在两个研究地点之间以及年份之间（2002-2008年），健壮假单胞菌的丰度各不相同，成年人最高可达1000 ind..m（-2），少年最高可达3000 ind..m（-2）。两栖动物中卵发育（胚发生）的温度依赖性持续时间以及稳健拟南虾种群的年代数在几年中有所不同。大多数年份记录了三代，而最冷的年份记录了两代。离合器的大小（或繁殖力）取决于雌性的体长，雌性的体长在11.2至12.2 mm之间，平均每个雌性卵在33至43个卵之间。雌性，体长16毫米，最多观察到75个卵。本文得出结论，当鲁棒拟南芥从南部（蓬托里海地区）扩散到北部（波罗的海）范围地区时，生命周期变量会发生变化。在研究的最北端位置，该两栖动物的繁殖力和世代数比更南端位置低1.5-2倍。此外，在研究地点的最冷和最暖年之间，这些变量和罗氏沼虾的丰度有所不同，这证明了它们对当地环境条件的独特依赖性。随着当前的气候变暖，预计该物种的生命周期将发生进一步变化。

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