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The demand for import services at US container ports

机译：美国集装箱港口对进口服务的需求

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摘要

As global trade increases the interdependence of major world economies, the leading container ports of the United States are growing in importance as gateways from overseas production to domestic consumption markets. With this increased economic importance comes increased dependence of domestic and foreign economies on port practices and procedures, policy actions governing ports, and disasters (natural and otherwise) affecting port operations. Port practices, policy actions and events can affect the time it takes a ship to be serviced at a port, the price of using a port and interject schedule uncertainty at a port. These factors, in turn, affect cargo routers' choice of port, and the economic benefit (welfare) they receive from their chosen port. In this paper, we estimate a nested logit model, using over 470 000 import shipment routing choices to determine how cost, time and schedule reliability at the top 10 US ports affect cargo routers' port choices. From the estimated demand function, we calculate demand elasticities for actions and events affecting all ports, as well as each port individually, and 'willingness to pay' welfare measures to avoid increases in cost or time and decreases in reliability at top ports.
机译：随着全球贸易增加了世界主要经济体的相互依存关系，美国主要的集装箱港口作为从海外生产到国内消费市场的门户越来越重要。随着经济重要性的提高，国内外经济对港口惯例和程序，管制港口的政策行动以及影响港口运营的自然灾害和其他灾害的依赖性也越来越大。港口惯例，政策措施和事件可能会影响到船舶在港口服役的时间，使用港口的价格以及在港口插入时间表的不确定性。这些因素反过来会影响货运路由器选择港口的方式，以及他们从所选港口获得的经济利益（福利）。在本文中，我们估计了一个嵌套的logit模型，使用了470 000多个进口运输路线选择来确定美国前10个港口的成本，时间和调度可靠性如何影响货运路由器的港口选择。根据估计的需求函数，我们计算影响所有港口以及每个港口的行动和事件的需求弹性，以及“支付意愿”福利措施，以避免成本或时间增加以及顶级港口可靠性下降。

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  • 来源
    《Maritime economics & logistics》 |2009年第2期|156-185|共30页
  • 作者

    Christopher M. Anderson; James J. Opaluch; Thomas A. Grigalunas;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, University of Rhode Island, 205 Kingston Coastal Institute, One Greenhouse Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02818, USA;

    Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, University of Rhode Island, 205 Kingston Coastal Institute, One Greenhouse Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02818, USA;

    Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, University of Rhode Island, 205 Kingston Coastal Institute, One Greenhouse Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02818, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    port choice; shipper behaviour; port demand; elasticity; willingness to pay;

    机译：端口选择;托运人行为港口需求;弹性;支付意愿;

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