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The effect of shoulder coupling on the residual stress and hardness distribution in AA7050 friction stir butt welds

机译：肩部联接对AA7050搅拌摩擦对接焊缝残余应力和硬度分布的影响

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摘要

The effect of shoulder coupling in friction stir welding (FSW) on the distribution of residual stresses, microstructure and hardness has been investigated by comparing welds manufactured with a conventional tool, using different levels of downforce, to joints produced using a stationary shoulder (SSFSW). The welds were produced in AA7050-T7651 6.35 mm plate with the same travel speed and similar power levels. Reducing the tool downforce in FSW led to a decrease in the overall shoulder input power, but a minimal reduction in the weld zone hardness and peak residual stresses. In contrast, relative to FSWs made with a similar input power, the stationary shoulder led to much more significant microstructure and property changes including a reduction in the HAZ width, an increase in the minimum weld zone hardness level and a significant reduction in the peak tensile residual stresses (by similar to 25%). With SSFSW, the improvement found in the hardness and residual stress distribution from eliminating the energy dissipated by the tool shoulder could be directly correlated to a reduction in the weld temperature and narrowing of the thermal field, which reduced the size of the HAZ and region of plastic misfit responsible for the weld residual stresses. By comparing the results with previous work it was found that, apart from using a stationary shoulder, the most important welding parameter affecting the weld zone peak tensile stresses was the travel speed, with longitudinal residual stresses doubling upon increasing the travel speed from 100 to 400 mm/min.
机译：搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）中的肩部联接对残余应力，显微组织和硬度分布的影响已通过将使用常规工具（使用不同水平的下压力）与使用固定肩部（SSFSW）制造的接头进行比较来研究。焊缝在AA7050-T7651 6.35毫米厚的钢板中生产，具有相同的行进速度和相似的功率水平。减少FSW中的工具下压力会导致总的肩部输入功率降低，但焊缝区硬度和峰值残余应力的降低最小。相比之下，相对于以相似输入功率制成的FSW，固定肩部导致了更为显着的微观结构和性能变化，包括HAZ宽度的减小，最小焊接区硬度水平的提高以及峰值拉伸强度的显着降低。残余应力（大约为25％）。借助SSFSW，消除刀肩耗散的能量后，硬度和残余应力分布的改善可直接与焊接温度的降低和热场的变窄直接相关，从而减小了热影响区的大小和焊缝区域。塑性不匹配导致焊缝残余应力。通过将结果与以前的工作进行比较，发现除了使用固定肩部外，影响焊接区峰值拉应力的最重要的焊接参数是行进速度，而行进速度从100增大到400时，纵向残余应力增加了一倍毫米/分钟

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