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Performance-based maintenance of gas turbines for reliable control of degraded power systems

机译：基于性能的燃气轮机维护，可对降级的电力系统进行可靠的控制

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摘要

Maintenance actions are necessary for ensuring proper operations of control systems under component degradation. However, current condition-based maintenance (CBM) models based on component health indices are not suitable for degraded control systems. Indeed, failures of control systems are only determined by the controller outputs, and the feedback mechanism compensates the control performance loss caused by the component deterioration. Thus, control systems may still operate normally even if the component health indices exceed failure thresholds. This work investigates the CBM model of control systems and employs the reduced control performance as a direct degradation measure for deciding maintenance activities. The reduced control performance depends on the underlying component degradation modelled as a Wiener process and the feedback mechanism. To this aim, the controller features are quantified by developing a dynamic and stochastic control block diagram-based simulation model, consisting of the degraded components and the control mechanism. At each inspection, the system receives a maintenance action if the control performance deterioration exceeds its preventive-maintenance or failure thresholds. Inspired by realistic cases, the component degradation model considers random start time and unit-to-unit variability. The cost analysis of maintenance model is conducted via Monte Carlo simulation. Optimal maintenance strategies are investigated to minimize the expected maintenance costs, which is a direct consequence of the control performance. The proposed framework is able to design preventive maintenance actions on a gas power plant, to ensuring required load frequency control performance against a sudden load increase. The optimization results identify the trade-off between system downtime and maintenance costs as a function of preventive maintenance thresholds and inspection frequency. Finally, the control performance-based maintenance model can reduce maintenance costs as compared to CBM and pre-scheduled maintenance.
机译：维护措施对于确保控制系统在组件退化下的正常运行是必要的。但是，基于组件健康指标的当前基于状态的维护（CBM）模型不适用于降级的控制系统。实际上，控制系统的故障仅由控制器的输出确定，并且反馈机制补偿了由组件劣化引起的控制性能损失。因此，即使组件运行状况指标超过故障阈值，控制系统仍可以正常运行。这项工作研究了控制系统的CBM模型，并将降低的控制性能用作决定维护活动的直接降级措施。降低的控制性能取决于建模为维纳过程和反馈机制的潜在组件退化。为此，通过开发基于动态和随机控制框图的仿真模型（包括降级组件和控制机制）来量化控制器功能。在每次检查时，如果控制性能下降超过其预防性维护或故障阈值，则系统会采取维护措施。受实际情况启发，组件降级模型考虑了随机的开始时间和单位间的可变性。维护模型的成本分析通过蒙特卡洛模拟进行。研究了最佳的维护策略，以最大程度地减少预期的维护成本，这是控制性能的直接结果。所提出的框架能够设计燃气发电厂的预防性维护措施，以确保所需的负载频率控制性能，以防止负载突然增加。优化结果根据预防性维护阈值和检查频率确定系统停机时间和维护成本之间的权衡。最后，与CBM和预先计划的维护相比，基于控制性能的维护模型可以减少维护成本。

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