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A two-phase control algorithm for gear-shifting in a novel multi-speed transmission for electric vehicles

机译:电动汽车新型多速变速器中用于换档的两相控制算法

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摘要

In light of the current low energy-storage capacity of electric batteries, multi-speed transmissions (MSTs) are being considered for applications in electric vehicles (EVs), since MSTs decrease the energy consumption of the EV via gear-shifting. Nonetheless, swiftness and seamlessness are the major concerns in gear-shifting. This study focuses on developing a gear-shifting control scheme for a novel MST designed for EVs. The main advantages of the proposed MST are simplicity and modularity. Firstly, the dynamics model of the transmission is formulated. Then, a two-phase algorithm is proposed for shifting between each two gear ratios, which guarantees a smooth and swift shift. In other words, a separate control set is applied for shifting between each gear pair, which includes two independent PID controllers, tuned using trial-and-error and a genetic algorithm (GA), for the two steps of the algorithm and a switch. A supervisory controller is also employed to choose the proper PID gains, called PID gain-scheduling. Simulation results for various controllers and conditions are reported and compared, indicating that the proposed scheme is highly promising for a desired gear-shifting even in the presence of an unknown external disturbance.
机译:鉴于当前电池的低能量存储容量,考虑将多速变速器(MST)用于电动车辆(EV)中,因为MST通过变速来降低EV的能量消耗。尽管如此,快速和无缝是换挡的主要问题。这项研究的重点是为电动汽车设计的新型MST开发变速控制方案。提议的MST的主要优点是简单和模块化。首先,建立了变速器动力学模型。然后,提出了一种用于在两个齿轮比之间进行换档的两阶段算法,该算法可确保平稳而快速的换档。换句话说,将单独的控制集应用于每个齿轮对之间的换档,其中包括两个独立的PID控制器,使用试错法和遗传算法(GA)对其进行调整,以实现算法的两个步骤和一个开关。还使用监督控制器来选择适当的PID增益,称为PID增益调度。报告并比较了各种控制器和条件的仿真结果,表明即使在未知外部干扰的情况下,所提出的方案对于所需的换档也很有希望。

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